{
  "meta": {
    "schema_version": "1.1",
    "endpoint": "/api/sources/avesta/index.json"
  },
  "work": {
    "slug": "avesta",
    "name": "The Avesta",
    "stream": "persian",
    "epoch_reflected": "persian",
    "epoch_written": "greco-latin",
    "form": "scripture",
    "tradition": "Zoroastrian",
    "year_approx": -1000,
    "note": "The Zoroastrian scripture in its surviving Sasanian-era compilation: Yasna (sacrificial liturgy), Visperad (extended liturgy), Yashts (hymns to specific yazatas), Vendīdād (priestly purity code), Sîrôzahs (thirty-day calendar invocations), and Khordeh Avesta (everyday prayer-book). James Darmesteter (Parts I–II, *Sacred Books of the East* vols. 4 and 23, 1880–1883) and L.H. Mills (Part III, vol. 31, 1887).",
    "steiner_loci": [
      "GA 113: The East in the Light of the West (Zarathustra and the Persian wisdom-stream)",
      "GA 121: The Mission of the Folk-Souls (Zarathustra's individuality)",
      "GA 123: The Gospel of St. Matthew (Zarathustra reincarnations)",
      "GA 124: Excursus on the Gospel of St. Mark"
    ]
  },
  "parents": [],
  "works": [
    {
      "slug": "vendidad",
      "name": "Vendīdād",
      "author": null,
      "year_approx": -550,
      "translator": "Darmesteter (parts I–II, 1880–1883) and Mills (part III, 1887)",
      "form": "purity code",
      "subtitle": null,
      "blurb": "The 'Law Against the Daēvas' — 22 *fargards* of priestly law on purity, demonology, and exorcism, including the Yima creation-myth (Fargard II). James Darmesteter's translation (Sacred Books of the East vol. 4, 1880).",
      "chapter_count": 1,
      "word_count": 107769,
      "landing_url": "/sources/avesta/vendidad/",
      "api_url": "/api/sources/avesta/vendidad/index.json"
    },
    {
      "slug": "yasts",
      "name": "Yashts",
      "author": null,
      "year_approx": -550,
      "translator": "Darmesteter (parts I–II, 1880–1883) and Mills (part III, 1887)",
      "form": "hymns to yazatas",
      "subtitle": null,
      "blurb": "Twenty-one hymns to individual yazatas (divinities) — Mithra, Anāhitā, Tištrya, Verethraghna, and others. The Yashts preserve some of the oldest mythological material in the Avesta. Darmesteter's translation (Sacred Books of the East vol. 23, 1883).",
      "chapter_count": 1,
      "word_count": 101516,
      "landing_url": "/sources/avesta/yasts/",
      "api_url": "/api/sources/avesta/yasts/index.json"
    },
    {
      "slug": "sirozahs",
      "name": "Sîrôzahs",
      "author": null,
      "year_approx": -550,
      "translator": "Darmesteter (parts I–II, 1880–1883) and Mills (part III, 1887)",
      "form": "thirty-day calendar invocations",
      "subtitle": null,
      "blurb": "Two short formulas (Sîrôzah I and II) invoking each of the thirty yazatas presiding over the thirty days of the Zoroastrian month. Mills's translation (Sacred Books of the East vol. 23, 1883).",
      "chapter_count": 1,
      "word_count": 4168,
      "landing_url": "/sources/avesta/sirozahs/",
      "api_url": "/api/sources/avesta/sirozahs/index.json"
    },
    {
      "slug": "yasna",
      "name": "Yasna",
      "author": null,
      "year_approx": -550,
      "translator": "Darmesteter (parts I–II, 1880–1883) and Mills (part III, 1887)",
      "form": "sacrificial liturgy",
      "subtitle": null,
      "blurb": "The principal liturgical text — 72 chapters recited by the priest at the Yasna ceremony, with the Gāthās (Zarathustra's own hymns) at its heart. L.H. Mills's translation (Sacred Books of the East vol. 31, 1887).",
      "chapter_count": 1,
      "word_count": 125027,
      "landing_url": "/sources/avesta/yasna/",
      "api_url": "/api/sources/avesta/yasna/index.json"
    },
    {
      "slug": "visparad",
      "name": "Visparad",
      "author": null,
      "year_approx": -550,
      "translator": "Darmesteter (parts I–II, 1880–1883) and Mills (part III, 1887)",
      "form": "extended liturgy",
      "subtitle": null,
      "blurb": "An extension to the Yasna of 23-27 short chapters invoking the *ratus* (lords of being) of every part of creation; recited during the Visperad ceremony of the six seasonal festivals. Mills's translation (Sacred Books of the East vol. 31, 1887).",
      "chapter_count": 1,
      "word_count": 8415,
      "landing_url": "/sources/avesta/visparad/",
      "api_url": "/api/sources/avesta/visparad/index.json"
    },
    {
      "slug": "khordeh-avesta",
      "name": "Khordeh Avesta",
      "author": null,
      "year_approx": -550,
      "translator": "Darmesteter (parts I–II, 1880–1883) and Mills (part III, 1887)",
      "form": "everyday prayer-book",
      "subtitle": null,
      "blurb": "The 'Little Avesta' — short prayers (Āfrīnagāns, Gāhs, Niyāyishes) said by laity at the five times of day and at the six seasonal festivals (Gāhanbārs). Mills's translation (Sacred Books of the East vol. 31, 1887).",
      "chapter_count": 1,
      "word_count": 6429,
      "landing_url": "/sources/avesta/khordeh-avesta/",
      "api_url": "/api/sources/avesta/khordeh-avesta/index.json"
    }
  ]
}