4. Style Corruption by the Press
Nationale Blätter 1889, Volume II, 5
Nowadays, you either have to join the unconditional praisers of everything that comes out of the press, or you are regarded by certain people as a darkling and a backward step. This time, even at the risk of being labeled with these unflattering predicates, we must discuss a profound, harmful influence of our newspaper system on our education.
The party, whose political creed is expressed in these newspapers, has repeatedly castigated the reprehensible corruption of the contemporary press and has always been concerned about how it could initiate a worthy and beneficial development of the newspaper industry for the German people. When one speaks of "corruption", however, one usually has in mind only that external corruption which consists in the fact that the journalist represents everything for money, that he is open to every kind of bribery. But there is also an inner corruption of the press, the consequences of which are already noticeable everywhere. We mean the corruption of the German style and the German treatment of language. One should not underestimate this fact. A national party in particular must attach importance to the fact that its views and ideas are expressed in a manner appropriate to the nation and in keeping with its nature. A developed, secure feeling for language, which feels with certainty towards every word, every phrase: "this is German or this is not German", is a necessary requirement of every educated German. But no one should demand this more than those who want to set themselves up as representatives of public opinion. In our Viennese newspapers, including the "leading" "Neue Freie Presse", we now find the grossest violations of the feeling for language. Anyone who has a sense and feeling for the German way of speaking, if he reads newspapers at all, can only be indignant at the offense against his mother tongue. He will find that almost every editorial in the "Neue Freie Presse" is teeming with stylistic aberrations, with un-German phrases. Sentences in which the subject is in the wrong place, sentences in which the active instead of the passive form is used, incorrectly placed participles and subordinate clauses can be found in every column of the aforementioned "Weltblatt". Jewish dialectal expressions and other expressions that make a mockery of the German language can be found in every third sentence.
The German language, like Latin, is a strict expression of logic; it permits a precision of speech that few others can match. Our journalism knows how to distort every thing in this language to the point of obscurity and ambiguity. Our language is plain and simple, our newspaper German is screwed and ornate. Our German writers are characterized by a high degree of nobility in the construction of their language; journalism is expressed in an almost scurrilous manner: slovenly, shaky, hurling. The whole of Europe admires our prose writers for the strict organization of their intellectual products; our newspaper prose is confused, without any structure, disjointed. The Germans, when they speak in their way, look for the most characteristic expression for a thought that hits the nail on the head; journalism only looks for the most ingratiating word, regardless of whether it is appropriate to the subject.
Anyone who has the opportunity to listen to public speeches will soon be able to observe the fruits of this activity. The audience involuntarily forms itself according to this newspaper German, and to its greatest astonishment one will often enough find oneself in the position of hearing thoroughly un-German expressions from the mouths of people one would never have expected. You wouldn't believe the influence the press has on our entire intellectual life. There are countless people whose reading is almost exclusively their favorite newspaper. We can see how some people have a completely different view from that of the liberal newspapers, but how formally their spirit, their way of speaking and thinking is completely oriented towards them. And this influence is even more pernicious than that exerted by the reprehensible views of the papers themselves, for it causes an unconscious turning away from our national character.
At present, the corruption of style to which we have alluded is even on the increase. It is gradually spreading to our brochures and specialist journals, and even more so to a large part of our book literature.
We were recently horrified when we went through several issues of a young journal for national and state economics published in Vienna by a Mr. Theodor Hertzka. You can open it wherever you like and your eyes will fall on a stylistic monstrosity. However, these are not things that are only noticeable to the stylistic connoisseur, but things that every halfway talented boy in the fourth year of grammar school avoids. The same can be found in other specialist journals, especially in medical and scientific journals, if you want to see for yourself. Anyone who doubts our assertion with regard to brochure literature should buy half a dozen political or economic publications, as they appear here or elsewhere, and they will recognize their beloved newspaper German.
The point is quite right, I hear various people object, but it should be borne in mind that such a newspaper article is written for the day and therefore the demands in terms of correctness cannot be too high. The paper lies open for a day and then disappears forever. How should a writer apply the same degree of polish to such an ephemeral product that one applies to something permanent? But this objection is completely unjustified. For whoever has a certain style at all, expresses it whether he writes for the day or for eternity. For style is something so interwoven with the spiritual being that every thought is necessarily expressed in the way the writer is accustomed to. Every truly stylistically gifted person has only one style, and he writes in this style because he cannot do otherwise. The reason why our journalists write in a sloppy and un-German way is not that they don't want to write better, but that they can't write better. We know quite well that good German writers do not become un-German once they publish articles in a newspaper. Or is the aesthete Vischer not always the same man of pithy, truly German style, whether he is writing about scientific subjects or about "foot care on the railroad"? How finely and elegantly Josef Bayer, for example, writes, even if he is only writing a newspaper article; how plain and simple is the writing of many a man whose words disappear with the day just like those of the reporter. But good stylists would have to deny themselves if they wanted to write differently than is their nature.
We will only mention in passing that the evil we are discussing has already found its way into our school and academic reference books.
Although we have to admit that corruption of style is currently on the increase, we are not without hope for the future. With the strengthening of the national party, which is built on the basis of genuine folklore, a more prosperous development must also occur here. In many cases, the un-folkish spelling is merely a side effect of the old liberal, equally un-folkish attitude and will probably disappear with it.