A Perhaps Contemporary Personal Memory

During my lectures, I often cited the thoughts of the fine-art writer Herman Grimm. I did so because in them I seemed to see one of the currents that emanated from Goethe in the last third of the nineteenth century and continued into the twentieth. It was a momentous event in my life when I came across the book in 1881 that contained the lectures on Goethe given by Herman Grimm in the winter semester of 1874/75 in Berlin. The book had the same effect on me as if something emanating from Goethe himself was still blowing through it into the time when Goethe's fiftieth anniversary of death was being experienced. Later, I found the explanation for what I felt at the time in the words that Herman Grimm added to the fifth edition of his book on Goethe in 1894: “In my youth I lived in a circle of people almost all of whom had been in personal contact with Goethe, and I counted myself among them, as if this privilege had been handed down to me.”

These Goethe lectures contain only thoughts that either form the conclusion of spiritual experiences or those that point to a worldview. The conclusion of experiences that took place among people who felt as if the shadow of Goethe was walking around in their circles when something decisive happened. Herman Grimm put into words, as it were, what the spiritual children of Goethe had acquired as a common soul-good over several decades. In the lectures, a personality spoke that said everything as only it could and yet conveyed the views of many. Everything was individual and unique, and yet it was something like the shared perception of a large number of people who saw it as a spiritual achievement of their time to live in the soul atmosphere of Goethe.

But I had another feeling while reading this book. I felt that Herman Grimm was only describing what Goethe experienced in his relationship with people. It seemed to me that even what was said in the lectures on Goethe's works was only a reflection of Goethe's dealings with the world. I said to myself: but Goethe had the hours in which he pursued the great riddles of existence artistically and cognitively, which are experienced in mental solitude. All this seemed to me to be mentioned in Herman Grimm's thoughts, but not present. My own studies of Goethe, however, were entirely on this side of Goethe's life. Therefore, I felt about the book that I was most intensely drawn to it, and that I even disliked it from another point of view. And often I said to myself: the core of Goethe's being is missing there; Goethe's experiences and works pass by like silhouettes.

But in these shadowy images there lived a special form of idealism that had emerged from the first half of the nineteenth century and shone into the second. It was an idealism that had the will not only to dream in thought but to spread into all of human life. An idealism that, through the way it was experienced, also considered itself proven, even irrefutable.

Herman Grimm thought and felt in this way. For me, this meant that I could not help but familiarize myself with everything Herman Grimm had written during my youth. Soon I saw how the perspective of a worldview formed the background of all his books and essays. I found this world view overwhelmingly magnificent on the one hand, and too lightly weighed on the other. Herman Grimm wrote books about Goethe, Michelangelo, Raphael, Homer, and essays on many other subjects. But all this comprises only details of a world-view which sees in the historical development of mankind, in the deeds of great personalities, the revelations of a kind of creative world-fantasy. This world-fantasy stands behind everything: in Homer, Dante, Shakespeare, Michelangelo, Raphael, Goethe it lived; and what these personalities gave to the world were the experiences they had with the creative world-fantasy.

It was clear to me: the universal imagination of which Herman Grimm spoke is one of the revelations of the spiritual world, which, as in nature, must be regarded as the actual reality in history as well. In Herman Grimm there lived an intense rejection of all historical views that did not come from the spirit. But he wanted to recognize the spirit only in the creative imagination. In my opinion, I had before me one of the most soulful professions of the spirit that could still be found in the second half of the nineteenth century, but which - in the sense of my essay “Anthroposophy and Idealism” in this weekly journal - nevertheless remained outside the gate of the actual spiritual world.

Since I felt that way, it was a second event in my life that was significant for me when I was able to meet Herman Grimm personally during my years in Weimar. I was lucky enough to be invited by him to lunch at the “Russischer Hof” in Weimar soon after this happened. I was his only guest. He had chosen a room for us two at the inn where there was no one else. The conversation was undisturbed. He spoke like someone who is aware of carrying within him a spiritual content that is firmly established and contains its own value, and that is intended to have an effect on younger people. He had an elegant attitude of mind down to the smallest details. Nothing of pathos came from his mouth. The effect of the significance that characterized everything he said came from the idiosyncrasy of his phrasing, which was more pronounced in conversation than it appears in his writings. He had nothing to teach; but he wanted to be able to be convinced that his expressed thoughts found a corresponding response in the listener. That was how he appeared to me, especially when I thought about the lunch I had with him and a walk I was also allowed to take with him alone. At lunch, the conversation turned to Homer, Gervinus, literary-historical method, Grillparzer, and much more. But again and again it touched on how the “history of national fantasy” was at the heart of his thinking and feeling. It was extremely moving to hear him explain that all his research was aimed at creating such a history. It was wonderful to hear him speak, and for me it was much too early when he said, with his sense of humor, which also expressed the seriousness with which he felt he was a bearer of a significant spiritual current, “Now, my dear Steiner, I will release you in mercy.”

In this description, I wanted to suggest how the work and personality of Herman Grimm lived in me when I cited his ideas as representing a striving for the spiritual world within the newer development of thought. It is the same with them as with those of “idealism,” which I tried to characterize in this weekly journal. Until recently, Herman Grimm was a personality for me who seemed to me to be still alive when I spoke of his thoughts. I quoted him as I did, in the knowledge that one could do so because he is a “contemporary”. But now I feel that one can no longer quote him. His thoughts have become “history”. People have experienced a lot in the last few years. The transition from “present” to “history” has been experienced more thoroughly than many other ages have been allotted.

I would like to talk about this transition in a further article.