On the Astral World and Devachan

GA 88 — 11 November 1903, Berlin

3. The Origin and Essence of Man

Today we must take a look at the important questions of the origin and nature of man. When these important things are asked, it cannot be said that the answer to them is a particularly easy one. The following lectures will give us less difficulty.

From three components essentially, so I said in the beginning of these lectures, we have to think of man composed: from body, soul and spirit. How these parts of man are composed, we will see in the further course of the lectures. Theosophical insight shows us a threefold origin of our own nature, and in order to discuss this threefold origin, the physical, the soul and the spiritual, we must go to the most remote regions of the universe imaginable, we must take a look at those processes which we as Theosophists conceive as processes in the Divine-Spiritual itself and in its life. The esoteric philosophy of all times refers to the universe in its depths as a rhythmic life of the world spirit. The Indian philosophy, for example, speaks of the inhalation and exhalation of Brahma. Brahma goes through different stages of his divine life. These stages proceed in such a way that they can be compared to an inhalation and exhalation of the divine original spirit. The exhalation became a world existence, the inhalation is the transition from a world that has fulfilled its task into a kind of sleeping state, which then has to pass over into a new existence, into a new exhalation. Thus, the states of the revealed world and the states of rest continually alternate. Manvantara and Pralaya, these are the states of revelation and the states of the deity resting in himself. This is a picture. What process this picture is based on, human words would not suffice to describe in our time.

According to our human view, that is, according to the view of those whose spiritual gaze is open to these mysterious states of the universe, we have to distinguish three different breaths of the divine original spirit, and these three breaths represent at the same time the threefold origin of man. The fact that man consists of three parts, body, soul and spirit, owes its origin to three parts of the divine breath. Let us try to trace this threefold origin of the human being.

First of all, let us think of seven stages of development, from the first stage to how man confronts us in his present stage of development. On the first stage of development, which we call the first elementary kingdom of the universe, there is still nothing of what we now encounter in our world. There is still nothing at all of the diversity of the stones, the plant and animal world, as they appear to us today, also nothing of the diversity of our thought world, also nothing of the thought formation underlying our world formation, also nothing of natural laws. But in the first elementary kingdom there is the system of the predispositions to everything later.

Whoever has an eye for this system of all further wide germs, knows that these germs are of an infinite beauty and sublimity. Everything that comes to light later is only a faint reflection of that which is germ-like present in the first elementary kingdom. In this there are present the great intentions of the divine original spirit, the intentions he has with the individual worlds. And as the [developments] lag behind the intentions, so they lag behind also with regard to the being of the worlds, not as a whole, but in details. In the great manifoldness of infinity, the intentions are wonderfully fulfilled. That is why theosophy calls this first elementary realm the world of the formless, which only later gives birth to the form out of itself.

Only in the later course this world of the original spirit takes form. This can only be compared with the forms which our thoughts have in us. Think that what you have outside of yourself would have disappeared and only what you can remember would be present to you. You would have around you a sea of thoughts. What you have seen and heard you have forgotten, also what you have seen of physical things. Such thought-forms - only large ones - are the content of the second elementary realm. The whole world-all has been a formed thought-all. As Plato once imagined the world of ideas, so we must imagine the realm of formed thoughts, the realm of the world of reason, as the mystics in the Middle Ages imagined it.

And further the development shows a denser stage. The world thoughts imprint themselves for the first time on a substance, which one can call substance only in truth. This is the astral realm. The light thoughts have become astral beings, which we can now perceive as urges and passions flooding the space. Only the seer perceives these currents, he perceives them in luminous forms. These currents are present in the third elemental kingdom. Ancient philosophers speak of these three elementary kingdoms, but the people who follow this today do not know what was once meant by it. We only need to go back to Empedocles, we find that he knew about it. He said: Everything is caused by love and hate. At this second and third stage the thoughts have condensed down. After the third stage was reached, then the astral matter consolidated. It became denser and denser and weaved into itself those substances and activities which the physical man now only knows. It wove into itself a web of natural laws and forces. Theosophy calls this kingdom the mineral kingdom. You must not imagine that the mineral kingdom at this stage contained already formed minerals, crystals and so on. No, all that which later, on much later stages, becomes mineral, which undergoes chemical compounds and decomposition, still runs through this realm like lightning and thunder, the fourth realm, which we call the cosmic mineral realm or the fourth elemental realm.

What lives in our physical body today, what governs all the laws in our physical body today, everything that is lawfully present in our body, was at that time dissolved in these forces, in these mineral forces, which are sweeping through the world space. Everything that constitutes the present body was present in that mineral kingdom. From there comes the origin of the forces and substances which are in our bodies and compose a part of our being. Out of these elementary processes the corporeal of man was formed. And at the moment of time when these elementary processes have progressed so far as I have described, at this moment of time something else enters into this mineral universe, and this something else of which I shall now speak is that which lives in us as our soul component. Originally, both the physical and the soul components were contained in the one divine primordial being. As it were, it was the first part of the divine breath that I have now described. The other part I will now describe.

The first part [of the development] we can summarize in such a way that we call man a generic being. In terms of genus, people are more or less the same. After all, we also speak of plant genus and animal genus. Thus, there is also a human genus that inhabits the whole earth. In each individual being of the genus the personality is present. Because I am a being of the human genus, I am physically formed in the same way as all other human beings, but in this human genus there is what I call my personality, and this makes up the soul. I am personality by the fact that I have personal interests, personal sympathies and antipathies and so on. Although people are alike as generic beings, they differ in personality in such a way that not one person is like another. This personal in man is not originated by the same part of the divine breath, that comes from another side to unite with the mineral substance. The generic character came into being through [the first part of the divine breath], the personality comes into being through the fact that up to the point where it unites [with the generic being] it has made a different path through the universe. On this other path, that which later constitutes the human personality has already passed through a series of stages, of lessons in the universe, that was already embodied on other stages, that was present in natures similar to our physical nature, similar to plant beings, similar to animal beings, only in a different, different way. The forces which are capable of making us personality have already passed through many stages, and this I would now like to describe.

The personality of man, therefore, comes over from another world; it has already passed through stages of development, in order then to unite with the other part, the generic. Cloudy desires are those which come over as if from a side stream to a main stream. Imagine that into this stream of universal mineral-elemental substance now flow innumerable such personality beings, who already once had physical corporeality, who as beings looked quite different from us human beings, but who were nevertheless our ancestors. Imagine that these beings had a physicality which was much denser and larger than our physicality. We can say they split off from the divine breath. A stream of force had arisen, which through the stages of development learned to become personality. All the souls inhabiting human bodies came over from this stream. Having graduated from a bad state, they let themselves sink as a germ, as it were, into the substance of the universe, as I described earlier, as turbid desires and passions, and constituted themselves as a personality. They connected themselves with that which is itself passion and desire. This current has evolved down until it has become the astral world.

This cosmic drive and passion nature is sunk into the physical human germ with the facility of development. At this moment the beginning of the development of our earthly being is given. At the moment of the union of these two, our earthly career begins. We also designate this double origin of man in such a way that we say: The universal Logos, on which the original spirit is based, has sent down a stream, the third Logos, and the third Logos has taken on different forms, which I have described as the first, second and third elementary kingdoms. You must not imagine that this third part of the Logos, this third part of the breath of the divine world soul, has been inactive until now. No, the whole series of elementary kingdoms which I have enumerated and the whole conduction of the impulse nature up to the personality, this spiritual entity, the third part of the divine breath, has directed from without. What was necessary to prepare these two sides until they reached the point of development to unite, all this has been effected by the third breath of the divine world soul. And the second Logos, too, has passed through various stages until it has become the germinal plant of the personality. The third and the second Logos flow together, and out of this flowing together of the third and the second Logos arise those formations which gradually build up our earthly sphere.

Now begins the human development as we see it with us. That which is capable of forming a mineral body out of desire, sensuality, instinct, and that which has learned to develop these qualities as a personality, these unite. And now man begins his earthly migration. Now begins the union between the human generic being and the human personality. They learn to send themselves into each other little by little. In us are these two. They are in us in such a way that the generic being works in us as the physical, and the personal, which has come over from the other world, works as our spiritual. Only gradually do they find in themselves the harmony to work together in such a way that the spiritual, which comes from the second Logos, harmonizes with the physical. The body is at first an unfeeling carrier of the psychic. The psychic cannot yet find the necessary organs and forces in the physical to express itself fully. Thus the psychic works its way through, as it were, imprinting itself on the material. In a series of cycles of development the spirit takes on material nature. The development proceeds in such a way that the body becomes more and more the expression, the tool of the psychic, of the inhabitant. Then the stage occurs when the actual spirit, what we call the spiritual of man, unites with these two other elements.

Now this divine breath itself flows into that which has been built up only after the two parts have adapted themselves to each other, so that one is the carrier and the other the force. Then the highest flows into this nature. That which until now was only the central conductor, the general universal world wisdom, now flows into the world beings. This is the moment we call the inflow of the first Logos. Everything has now become so mature that it can serve as a carrier of the first Logos. I will show you this moment of the inflow of the first Logos in this way: Imagine a room illuminated by a central light. On the sides of the room are reflecting spheres that reflect the light back in a thousand different ways. Every single sphere reflects back the image of the light. This is how we must imagine the man in the universe, guided by the spirit from outside. Let us assume that the spheres symbolically, symbolically represent the human beings as generic beings. The light, which gives light to all, comes from the outside, so that the spheres can give only an unsubstantial reflection from the inside. So it was with the human development up to the point of time of which we speak now. Until then man was like a mirror, which was illuminated by the first Logos, by the spirit soul of the world. Man threw back the light of the world soul, he reflected what the spirit light radiated.

But now think of the light transformed in such a way that the central light flows out and begins to penetrate the spheres, to awaken the individual spheres to shine with a part of its essence. The light flows out to bring to living self-lighting that which until now could only be a mirror image. From the spheres now shines their own light, which is separated from the central light. Thus we must imagine that at a certain moment of development the first Logos, the spirit soul, sacrificed a part of the light in order to pour it into man.

Now the human being is endowed with all three parts of his beingness. The first Logos has taken possession of the human being. Henceforth man consists of three parts. The part that has passed through the mineral kingdom has united with the development of the soul and has then continued to the state of maturity so that the spirit, the sun of the world, the spirit soul, could take possession of him.

In three successive stages of development these three parts have united with man. We can indicate the exact moment when this took place. We are now living in the fifth epoch of mankind. This influx of the spirit happened in the middle of the third human epoch, in the Lemurian period. The third human race, the Lemurians, inhabited a continent which has long since perished, but which existed south of the fore and hind Indies, the so-called Lemuria. At that time, what we call the imaginative life of man was formed first. After that came the fourth human race, the Atlantians, who lived on a continent between Africa and America, of which we are still told in Plato's writings. After this the fifth human race developed, to which we belong. In the third human race, in the Lemurian time, man began to have a three-part nature. At that time, the first beings developed into what we know today as human beings. But what were those beings like? That which we are in truth, that which is eternal in us, that was before purely spiritual nature. Our higher nature was previously decided in the bosom of the primordial world. It is eternal and imperishable, not in the form it has taken, but in the innermost essence. Before our spirit nature took possession of human nature, it was a purely spiritual being and formed a component of that which is present as the central sun, the spirit light of the world. That which descended to the physical man was not yet that which is in man today, that was only a reflection of his real nature; it inhabited only spiritual spheres of the world, the spheres of the first Logos. As spiritual beings we rested in the Logos, as the first sparks in the flame of the central light. Then our spirituality sank deeply into that which was prepared for us as a carrier, and that which descended, that which lives from eternity to eternity in the most diverse forms, that is the third element of human nature. This is what we call the actual individuality of man.

Thus, man consists of the generic being, which has the same form for all people living on earth. There, people do not differ from each other. This is the physical nature of man. The other nature, the spiritual -- joy and pain, desire and passion -- that is his personal nature. That arises and disappears and arises anew in the astral world. That such personalities can arise, for this the disposition is given in the stream, which I have described as the second stream. Besides this we have the individuality or also the causal body. Why do we call the individuality also causal body? The causal bodies were always present. They are imperishable. They have, before they inhabited these bodies, inhabited another body in the earlier races, all the way back to the Lemurian race of men who lived on the island of Lemuria. Always has this causal body embodied itself, but it moved into a human psychic body being for the first time in the Lemurian period. Before that he was not yet involved in matter and not yet involved in the psyche. He led a spiritual existence, which he will lead again when he will have gone through his various lessons which he has to make. That which we call causal body, that is what forms our eternal. What we carry within us as soul, what inhabits our body as soul, that has united with our physical body, so that we can say: The possibility that a personal arose in a physical body, has resulted from the fact that soul and physical body united in the beginning of our earth development. This did not emerge from primordial mists, as the physicists and astronomers imagine, but it emerged from what the ancients call the "waters" above which the spirit hovered. This means nothing else than the spirit of which I have spoken, the spirit which came from quite other universal worlds.

At that time the preparatory stage of man began. It took a long time until the physical and the astral body were prepared to become a carrier of the actual spirit soul. In the "Secret Doctrine" of Blavatsky this moment of the union of the psychic with the physical and also the moment of the union of the spiritual with the psychic-bodily are alluded to; and last of all the three parts of the breath of the world soul are alluded to with the words: The world soul had again slumbered through seven eternities. - That was a pralaya. Out of this vast slumber emerged that existence where the human being learned that it could soul a body subjected to mineral laws.

The human being flowed together from three currents. Three developments had to be gone through until they could come together in man. One origin has the generic being, another origin has the spiritual being and another origin has the mental, the spiritual being. That to which the whole being is chained, that is our causal body, the eternal. It comes from purely spiritual spheres and should return to purely spiritual spheres; but it should return in such a way that it has learned within the earthly existence it is going through, that it has collected results in order to carry them back into the realm of the spiritual. He is to come back, enriched in himself, again into the spiritual.

If we want to visualize these three origins of man, we can compare them to something like the building of a house. The house is built of building blocks; then we have the house furnishings, that which fills the inner rooms, that which constitutes the comfort of the house; this is to be compared with the human soul. Within the whole is the thought. It can be compared with the causal body, with the ideal spirit that inhabits the body. The sense organs are the windows through which the causal body looks out into the world. Before we moved into the body, we were gifted with spiritual sense organs and saw everything around us without hindrance. Having moved into a "house", man must look out through the windows, through the windows of the sense organs nature must penetrate to him. Just as man cannot always live in the open air, but must return to a house, so the spirit must again and again move into the building prepared for it, in order to look through the sense organs, the windows, at what it formerly saw from the outside. Why this is so and how the laws are, according to which it is formed, of it the next time.