Muṇḍaka Upanishad
From the Atharvaveda. Distinguishes lower knowledge (aparā vidyā — the four Vedas + grammar + ritual) from higher knowledge (parā vidyā — that by which the imperishable is apprehended). Contains the image of two birds on one tree, one eating the fruit, the other looking on.
Source context· Indian stream · Ancient Indian cultural impulse
- Stream
- Indian
- Cultural impulse
- Ancient Indian (1st post-Atlantean cultural age)
- Composed
- c. 300 BCE
- Written down
- Greco-Latin (4th post-Atlantean cultural age) manuscript epoch
- 1Mundaka-Upanishad
Two forms of knowledge (parā and aparā vidyā) and the path to Brahman-realization through renunciation and inner discipline
4,122 words
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