{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 102/1908-05-16/p032","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"Now you will ask me where the Salamanders really come from. They are actually a fourth kind. If you ask—I can only indicate this in conclusion—whence come these three kinds, Gnomes, Sylphs, Undines, I can only answer that they are beings which have remained behind. But the Salamanders in a certain way are human, since they have partially developed the fourth principle. They are not advanced enough, however, to be able to assume human shape. Where does this fourth species come from? I will explain this in conclusion. When you understand this you will be able to understand many of the secrets of surrounding nature. You know that when we trace man back in his evolution we come to more and more spiritual forms. Man has progressed little by little to physical existence. We know that the different animal species have been gradually ejected, so to speak, as the retarded brethren of the advancing human evolution. Man attained such advanced development by being the last of all to take a physical form. The other animal creatures are at a backward stage because they were not able to wait, because they pressed into the earthly organs and physical organization earlier. But the animals have group souls which work into the physical world though they exist only on the astral plane. We see the wisdom given by the Moon to our evolution most comprehensively developed in the animal kingdom by the group souls. Man creates his civilization *through wisdom*, but he must not ascribe wisdom to himself. Any human wisdom is not merely in man, but is present in a far more comprehensive way in our whole earth planet. One who sets great store by mankind may say: “What strides humanity has made in wisdom! The recent inventions for instance are a witness to it.” And now think of your school days and the principal discoveries that were told us then. Perhaps you will also remember the discovery of paper. Human wisdom got to the stage of inventing paper. It was certainly an achievement of human wisdom.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"Lecture VIII","site_heading":"Elemental Beings and Human Evolution's Moral Consequences","site_heading_note":"A heading the site wrote for this unit from a summary of it; not in the edition, and not the words of Rudolf Steiner or of the translator. Cite the unit by its title and locus, never by this heading, and do not quote it.","date":"1908-05-16","location":null,"word_count":345,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/102/1908-05-16/p032","alignment_confidence":"low","alignment_reason":"count_diverges","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"not_established","translator":null,"identified_edition":"AP1961","book_title":"The Influence of Spiritual Beings on Man","publisher":"Anthroposophic Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA102/English/AP1961/19080516p01.html","evidence":null,"reason":"source_says_translator_unknown","note":"The source page itself says the translator is unknown. No translator is established for this lecture: nothing at the level of the lecture names one. Do not attribute this English to a translator, and do not borrow a credit from another lecture of the volume. Cite the German for anything load-bearing."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/102/1908-05-16/p032","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1908-05-16","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 102/1908-05-16/p022","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/102/1908-05-16/p022"},{"locus":"GA 102/1908-05-16/p023","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/102/1908-05-16/p023"},{"locus":"GA 102/1908-05-16/p024","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/102/1908-05-16/p024"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["reader"],"reader_german":["GA 102/1908-05-16/p022","GA 102/1908-05-16/p023","GA 102/1908-05-16/p024"],"reader_part":true,"length_check":{"de_words":501,"en_words":475,"ratio":0.95,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 102/1908-05-16/p022","passage_number":22,"text":"Alle Naturgeister, die so gestaltet sind, wie unser Schema es zeigt, daß sie ein Glied vom Menschen und drei Glieder unter dem Menschen haben, sind diejenigen, die wir als «Gnomen» bezeichnen, die, welche «Undinen» genannt werden, haben zwei Glieder unter dem Menschen, und die «Sylphen» haben drei Glieder vom Menschen und ein Glied unter dem Menschen. Die sind alle zurückgeblieben in früheren planetarischen Zeiten. Sie haben es zu einem Geist, der heute schon beim Menschen in der Entfaltung ist, nicht gebracht. Sie stehen unter dem Menschen, sie sind «untergeistig» und bestehen nur aus Leib und Seele. Es sind zweigliedrige Wesenheiten und wir nennen sie Gnomen, Undinen und Sylphen. Nun werden Sie mich fragen, wenn Sie den Namen «Salamander» hören, woher kommen denn diese?","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":123,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/102/1908-05-16/p022"},{"locus":"GA 102/1908-05-16/p023","passage_number":23,"text":"Gnomen, Undinen und Sylphen sind zurückgebliebene Wesenheiten aus früheren Erdzuständen. Die Salamander sind in einer gewissen Weise dadurch entstanden, daß sie teilweise, aber eben nur teilweise, das vierte Prinzip ausgebildet haben, daß sie aber nicht so weit gekommen sind, daß sie eine menschliche Gestalt annehmen konnten. Woher kommen denn nun die Salamander? Das will ich Ihnen noch zum Schluß klarmachen. Denn wenn Sie diese vierte Art von Wesenheiten verstehen, werden Sie viele von den Geheimnissen der uns umgebenden Natur verstehen.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":80,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/102/1908-05-16/p023"},{"locus":"GA 102/1908-05-16/p024","passage_number":24,"text":"Wenn wir den Menschen zurückverfolgen in der Evolution, so kommen wir zu immer geistigeren und geistigeren Formen. Wir wissen, daß die einzelnen Tiergattungen nach und nach herausgesetzt sind wie die zurückgebliebenen Brüder der menschlichen fortschreitenden Evolution, die auf früheren Stufen stehengeblieben sind. Dadurch ist der Mensch so hoch gekommen, daß er am spätesten mit seinem physischen Wesen herausgekommen ist. Die anderen Wesen sind so geworden, weil sie nicht haben warten können, weil sie sich früher in die physische Inkarnation hineingedrängt haben. Die Tiere haben Gruppenseelen; die sind allerdings etwas, was nur auf dem Astralplan existiert, was aber hineinarbeitet in die physische Welt. Dasjenige, was der Mond unserer Evolution gegeben hat, die Weisheit, sehen wir durch die Gruppenseelen in den Tierformen in der umfassendsten Weise im Tierreich ausgebreitet. Der Mensch darf sich nicht allein die Weisheit zuschreiben. Er schafft mit ihr wohl seine Kultur, aber in einem viel stärkeren Maße ist die Weisheit in dem ganzen Erdenplaneten vorhanden. Ein Mensch, der stolz ist auf die Menschheit, kann sagen: Wie weit hat es der Mensch in der Weisheit gebracht. Die neuen Erfindungen geben Zeugnis davon. - Wie wird heute selbst schon dem Schüler in der Schule das aufgezählt, was alles die Weisheit des Menschen zustande gebracht hat! Unter dem, was man aufzählt, werden Sie auch das Papier finden. Gewiß ist das Papier eine Errungenschaft der menschlichen Weisheit, aber die Wespe konnte das Papier schon viel früher machen! Das Wespennest ist ganz genau aus demselben Stoff aufgebaut wie das richtige Papier. Es ist gerade so gemacht, nur durch den Lebensprozeß, wie das menschliche Papier. So könnten wir die ganze Natur durchgehen, und wir würden überall die waltende Weisheit finden. Wieviel früher hat das Gruppen-Ich der Wespengattung das Papier erfunden als der Mensch! Die einzelne Wespe macht das nicht, sondern die Gruppenseele.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":298,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/102/1908-05-16/p024"}],"english":["GA 102/1908-05-16/p031","GA 102/1908-05-16/p032","GA 102/1908-05-16/p033"],"method":"reader","confidence":"high","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":501,"en_words":475,"ratio":0.95,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["reader"],"reader_german":["GA 102/1908-05-16/p022","GA 102/1908-05-16/p023","GA 102/1908-05-16/p024"],"reader_part":true},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":0.89,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":6438,"original_word_count":7213,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"not_established","translator":null,"identified_edition":"AP1961","book_title":"The Influence of Spiritual Beings on Man","publisher":"Anthroposophic Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA102/English/AP1961/19080516p01.html","evidence":null,"reason":"source_says_translator_unknown","note":"The source page itself says the translator is unknown. No translator is established for this lecture: nothing at the level of the lecture names one. Do not attribute this English to a translator, and do not borrow a credit from another lecture of the volume. Cite the German for anything load-bearing.","warning":"No translator is recorded for this edition. An unattributed translation cannot be weighed as a witness: you cannot tell which hand made the choices in it. Cite the German for anything load-bearing."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 102/1908-05-16/p022","GA 102/1908-05-16/p023","GA 102/1908-05-16/p024"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. 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