{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 13/l02/p038-p042","extent":"range","passage_number":38,"through":42,"paragraph_count":5,"first_locus":"GA 13/l02/p038","last_locus":"GA 13/l02/p042","lang":"en","edition":"RSP1969","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"title":"Chapter II: The Nature of Humanity","date":null,"location":null,"alignment_confidence":"low","alignment_reason":"count_diverges","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":null,"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["AP1972","RSP1969"]},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.05,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":7964,"original_word_count":7599,"may_be_abridged":false},"site_heading":null,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/13/l02/p038-p042","json_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/13/l02/p038-p042.json","lecture_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/13/l02#p038","word_count":1092,"quote_safe":true,"passages":[{"passage_number":38,"locus":"GA 13/l02/p038","text":"As man gains mastery over his astral body by penetrating to the hidden forces that underlie it, so in the course of evolution does he gain mastery over the etheric body too. The work upon the etheric body is however more intense and more exacting. For what lies hidden in the etheric body is shrouded beneath a double-veil; the hidden in the astral body beneath a single veil only. We can get some idea of the difference in the work upon the two bodies by noticing the changes which take place in a human being in the course of his life. Think of the qualities that are developed when the Ego works upon the soul. How very different a man's pleasures and desires, his joys and sufferings become! A man need only look back to the time of his childhood. What was it that he then delighted in, or that caused him pain? And what has he not learned and added to the faculties he had in childhood? These changes are but an expression of the way the Ego has been gaining mastery over the astral body. For the astral body is the bearer of pleasure and pain, of joy and suffering. And now compare with this the small extent to which certain other qualities of man will change in course of time: his temperament, for instance, his deeper traits of character. One who as a child is given to sudden fits of anger will often show signs of violent temper right on into later life. This is indeed so evident a fact that some thinkers tend altogether to dismiss the possibility of change in the basic character of any man. They assume it to be something that persists throughout is life, though it may be revealed in varying directions. Such a judgment rests however on insufficient observation. One who has sensitive perception will realize that even the character and temperament of man can change under the influence of his Ego, although the change is comparatively slow. We might even say that the two types of change are to one another as the movement of the hour hand to that of the minute hand of a clock.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":367,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/13/l02/p038","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"l02","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 13/l02/p021","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/13/l02/p021"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["reader"],"reader_german":["GA 13/l02/p021"],"reader_part":true,"length_check":{"de_words":887,"en_words":933,"ratio":1.05,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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All this will appear in the proper light in the further course of this book.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":61,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/13/l02/p039","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"l02","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 13/l02/p021","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/13/l02/p021"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["reader"],"reader_german":["GA 13/l02/p021"],"reader_part":true,"length_check":{"de_words":887,"en_words":933,"ratio":1.05,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"status":"unknown","warning":"No translator is recorded for this edition. 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See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":40,"locus":"GA 13/l02/p040","text":"It is not when man is merely given up to pleasure or suffering, to joy or pain, that the Ego works upon the astral body; rather, when these proclivities are actually being changed. In like manner, the work of the Ego extends to the etheric body when it applies itself to changing the qualities of character, temperament and so forth. And at this transformation too, every man is working, whether or no he be aware of it. The impulses that work most strongly in this direction are those of religion. When the Ego lays itself open to these influences again and again, they work within it as a power which reaches down to the etheric body and transforms it, just as the lesser incentives of life will bring about the changing of the astral body. These lesser incentives, which come to man through learning, through thoughtful reflection, through the refinement of his feelings and so on, are subject to many variations; the religious emotions, on the other hand, impress a kind of unity on all his thinking, feeling and willing. They pour out as it were a common light, a light that is ‘single,’ over the whole life of the soul. A man thinks and feels one thing to-day, another to-morrow. Many and varied circumstances provide occasion for his thoughts and feelings. But one who is aware through his religious life, of whatsoever kind it be, of something that outlasts all changes, will refer to the same underlying emotion his thoughts and feelings of to-day and his experiences of to-morrow. A man's religious faith thus has a penetrating influence in his soul's life—an influence which grows as time goes on through constant repetition. It thereby gains the power to work on the etheric body. So do the influences of true art affect the human being. When through the outer form, color or sound of a work of art man penetrates with thought and feeling to the spiritual sources that underlie it, the impulses the Ego thus receives do in effect reach the etheric body. Thinking this through to its conclusion, we may gain some idea of the immense significance of art in human evolution.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":364,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/13/l02/p040","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"l02","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 13/l02/p021","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/13/l02/p021"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["reader"],"reader_german":["GA 13/l02/p021"],"reader_part":true,"length_check":{"de_words":887,"en_words":933,"ratio":1.05,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Where they reveal themselves as life-body the **I** of man is not yet active in them; when they come to expression as Life-Spirit they are penetrated through and through by its activity.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":141,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/13/l02/p041","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"l02","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 13/l02/p021","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/13/l02/p021"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["reader"],"reader_german":["GA 13/l02/p021"],"reader_part":true,"length_check":{"de_words":887,"en_words":933,"ratio":1.05,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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For the moment, the point was to show that in addition to the Soul and Body the Spirit too is at work in man. In contrast to the transitory body, the Spirit belongs to the Eternal in man. This too will emerge more clearly in further course.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":159,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/13/l02/p042","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"l02","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 13/l02/p022","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/13/l02/p022"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["reader"],"reader_german":["GA 13/l02/p022"],"length_check":{"de_words":137,"en_words":159,"ratio":1.16,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Die Arbeit an diesem Ätherleibe ist aber eine intensivere als die am Astralleibe; denn was sich in dem ersteren verbirgt, das ist in zwei, das Verborgene des Astralleibes jedoch nur in einen Schleier gehüllt. Man kann sich einen Begriff von dem Unterschiede in der Arbeit an den beiden Leibern bilden, indem man auf gewisse Veränderungen hinweist, die mit dem Menschen im Verlaufe seiner Entwicklung eintreten können. Man denke zunächst, wie gewisse Seeleneigenschaften des Menschen sich entwickeln, wenn das Ich an der Seele arbeitet. Wie Lust und Begierden, Freude und Schmerz sich ändern können. Der Mensch braucht da nur zurückzudenken an die Zeit seiner Kindheit. Woran hat er da seine Freude gehabt; was hat ihm Leid verursacht? Was hat er zu dem hinzugelernt, was er in der Kindheit gekonnt hat? Alles das aber ist nur ein Ausdruck davon, wie das Ich die Herrschaft erlangt hat über den Astralleib. Denn dieser ist ja der Träger von Lust und Leid, von Freude und Schmerz. Und man vergleiche damit, wie wenig sich im Laufe der Zeit gewisse andere Eigenschaften des Menschen ändern, zum Beispiel sein Temperament, die tieferen Eigentümlichkeiten seines Charakters usw. Ein Mensch, der als Kind jähzornig ist, wird gewisse Seiten des Jähzorns auch für seine Entwicklung in das spätere Leben hinein oft beibehalten. Die Sache ist so auffallend, dass es Denker gibt, welche die Möglichkeit ganz in Abrede stellen, dass der Grundcharakter eines Menschen sich ändern könne. Sie nehmen an, dass dieser etwas durch das Leben hindurch Bleibendes sei, welches sich nur nach dieser oder jener Seite offenbare. Ein solches Urteil beruht aber nur auf einem Mangel in der Beobachtung. Wer den Sinn dafür hat, solche Dinge zu sehen, dem wird klar, dass sich auch Charakter und Temperament des Menschen unter dem Einflusse seines Ich ändern. Allerdings ist diese Änderung im Verhältnis zur Änderung der vorhin gekennzeichneten Eigenschaften eine langsame. Man kann den Vergleich gebrauchen, dass das Verhältnis der beiderlei Änderungen ist wie das Vorrücken des Stundenzeigers der Uhr im Verhältnis zum Minutenzeiger. Nun gehören die Kräfte, welche diese Änderung von Charakter oder Temperament bewirken, dem verborgenen Gebiet des Ätherleibes an. Sie sind gleicher Art mit den Kräften, welche im Reiche des Lebens herrschen, also mit den Wachstums-, Ernährungskräften und denjenigen, welche der Fortpflanzung dienen. Auf diese Dinge wird durch die weiteren Ausführungen dieser Schrift das rechte Licht fallen. — Also nicht, wenn sich der Mensch bloß hingibt an Lust und Leid, an Freude und Schmerz, arbeitet das Ich am Astralleib, sondern wenn sich die Eigentümlichkeiten dieser Seeleneigenschaften ändern. Und ebenso erstreckt sich die Arbeit auf den Ätherleib, wenn das Ich seine Tätigkeit an eine Änderung seiner Charaktereigenschaften, seiner Temperamente usw. wendet. Auch an dieser letzteren Änderung arbeitet jeder Mensch: er mag sich dessen bewusst sein oder nicht. Die stärksten Impulse, welche im gewöhnlichen Leben auf diese Änderung hinarbeiten, sind die religiösen. Wenn das Ich die Antriebe, die aus der Religion fließen, immer wieder und wieder auf sich wirken lässt, so bilden diese in ihm eine Macht, welche bis in den Ätherleib hineinwirkt und diesen ebenso wandelt, wie geringere Antriebe des Lebens die Verwandlung des Astralleibes bewirken. Diese geringeren Antriebe des Lebens, welche durch Lernen, Nachdenken, Veredelung der Gefühle usw. an den Menschen herankommen, unterliegen dem mannigfaltig wechselnden Dasein; die religiösen Empfindungen drücken aber allem Denken, Fühlen und Wollen etwas Einheitliches auf. Sie breiten gleichsam ein gemeinsames, einheitliches Licht über das ganze Seelenleben aus. Der Mensch denkt und fühlt heute dies, morgen jenes. Dazu führen die verschiedensten Veranlassungen. Wer aber durch sein wie immer geartetes religiöses Empfinden etwas ahnt, das sich durch allen Wechsel hindurchzieht, der wird, was er heute denkt und fühlt, ebenso auf diese Grundempfindung beziehen wie die morgigen Erlebnisse seiner Seele. Das religiöse Bekenntnis hat dadurch etwas Durchgreifendes im Seelenleben; seine Einflüsse verstärken sich im Laufe der Zeit immer mehr, weil sie in fortdauernder Wiederholung wirken. Deshalb erlangen sie die Macht, auf den Ätherleib zu wirken. — In ähnlicher Art wirken die Einflüsse der wahren Kunst auf den Menschen. Wenn er durch die äußere Form, durch Farbe und Ton eines Kunstwerkes die geistigen Untergründe desselben mit Vorstellen und Gefühl durchdringt, dann wirken die Impulse, welche dadurch das Ich empfängt, in der Tat auch bis auf den Ätherleib. Wenn man diesen Gedanken zu Ende denkt, so kann man ermessen, welch ungeheure Bedeutung die Kunst für alle menschliche Entwicklung hat. Nur auf einiges ist hiermit hingewiesen, was dem Ich die Antriebe liefert, auf den Ätherleib zu wirken. Es gibt viele dergleichen Einflüsse im Menschenleben, die dem beobachtenden Blick nicht so offen liegen wie die genannten. Aber schon aus diesen ist ersichtlich, dass im Menschen ein weiteres Glied seiner Wesenheit verborgen ist, welches das Ich immer mehr und mehr herausarbeitet. Man kann dieses Glied als das zweite des Geistes, und zwar als den *Lebensgeist* bezeichnen. (Es ist dasselbe, was man mit Anlehnung an die morgenländische Weisheit «Buddhi» nennt.) Der Ausdruck «Lebensgeist» ist deshalb der entsprechende, weil in dem, was er bezeichnet, dieselben Kräfte wirksam sind wie in dem «Lebensleib»; nur ist in diesen Kräften, wenn sie als Lebensleib sich offenbaren, das menschliche Ich nicht tätig. Äußern sie sich aber als Lebensgeist, so sind sie von der Tätigkeit des Ich durchsetzt.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":887,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/13/l02/p021"},{"locus":"GA 13/l02/p022","passage_number":22,"text":"Die intellektuelle Entwicklung des Menschen, seine Läuterung und Veredelung von Gefühlen und Willensäußerungen sind das Maß seiner Verwandlung des Astralleibes zum Geistselbst; seine religiösen Erlebnisse und manche anderen Erfahrungen prägen sich dem Ätherleibe ein und machen diesen zum Lebensgeist. Im gewöhnlichen Verlaufe des Lebens geschieht dies mehr oder weniger unbewusst, dagegen besteht die sogenannte *Einweihung* des Menschen darin, dass er durch die übersinnliche Erkenntnis auf die Mittel hingewiesen wird, wodurch er diese Arbeit im Geistselbst und Lebensgeist ganz bewusst in die Hand nehmen kann. Von diesen Mitteln wird in späteren Teilen dieser Schrift die Rede sein. Vorläufig handelte es sich darum, zu zeigen, dass im Menschen außer der Seele und dem Leibe auch der Geist wirksam ist. Auch das wird sich später zeigen, wie dieser Geist zum *Ewigen* des Menschen, im Gegensatz zu dem vergänglichen Leibe, gehört.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":137,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/13/l02/p022"}],"beads":[{"from":[38,39,40,41],"to":[21],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified"},{"from":[42],"to":[22],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified"}],"note":"Paired by the paragraph aligner; each language numbers its own paragraphs. A bead at either end of the span can carry text beyond it (the `from` numbers show what each bead covers)."}}