{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 151/1914-01-20/p011","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"The development of thought leads to a stage of doubting the existence of what are called “universals”, general concepts, and thus to so-called Nominalism, the view that universals can be no more than “names”, nothing but words. And this view is still widely held today.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"Lecture I","site_heading":"Thought as Gateway to Cosmic Understanding","site_heading_note":"A heading the site wrote for this unit from a summary of it; not in the edition, and not the words of Rudolf Steiner or of the translator. Cite the unit by its title and locus, never by this heading, and do not quote it.","date":"1914-01-20","location":null,"word_count":45,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/151/1914-01-20/p011","alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:length","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Charles Davy","identified_edition":"RSP1961","book_title":"Human and Cosmic Thought (1961)","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA151/English/RSP1961/19140120p01.html","evidence":"edition_cover_credit","note":"The lecture's own page names no translator; the cover of the book it was taken from (https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA151/English/RSP1961/HuCoTh_index.html) lists it and names the translator. Where the cover names several, it does not say which lecture each translated.","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","edition_basis":null,"is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/151/1914-01-20/p011"},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/151/1914-01-20/p011","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"other_renderings":{"loci":[{"locus":"GA 151/1914-01-20_02","ga":"151","lecture":"1914-01-20_02","kind":"renderings","relation":"another translation or transcription of the same lecture"}],"note":"The same lecture is also served at the loci listed, each with how it relates to this one. They are ONE witness, not independent attestations: quote the rendering you fetched, and do not cite another as corroborating it. Wording differs between translations, so a quotation found in one need not occur in the other."},"german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1914-01-20","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 151/1914-01-20/p010","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/151/1914-01-20/p010"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false,"length_check":{"de_words":70,"en_words":45,"ratio":0.64,"partial":true},"correspondence":"partial","note":"PARTIAL CORRESPONDENCE. The aligner paired 1 German passage(s) with 1 English, but the English side holds only ~64% of the German side's length (45 vs 70 words). One or more of the German passages above is likely NOT represented in this translation at all. Do not treat the English as carrying their content: read the German passages directly, and if you need to quote, quote the German. Absence of a phrase from the English here is NOT evidence it is absent from Steiner."},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 151/1914-01-20/p010","passage_number":10,"text":"Zu dem Zweifel führt die Entwickelung des Gedankens, ob es dasjenige überhaupt geben könne in der Welt, was man allgemeine Gedanken, allgemeine Begriffe nennt, zu dem sogenannten Nominalismus, zu der philosophischen Anschauung, daß die allgemeinen Begriffe nur Namen sein können, also überhaupt nur Worte. Es gab also für diesen allgemeinen Gedanken sogar die philosophische Anschauung, und viele haben sie noch heute, daß diese allgemeinen Gedanken überhaupt nur Worte sein können.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":70,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/151/1914-01-20/p010"}],"english":["GA 151/1914-01-20/p011"],"method":"length","confidence":"high","correspondence":"partial","length_check":{"de_words":70,"en_words":45,"ratio":0.64,"partial":true},"pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":0.97,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":5201,"original_word_count":5374,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Charles Davy","identified_edition":"RSP1961","book_title":"Human and Cosmic Thought (1961)","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA151/English/RSP1961/19140120p01.html","evidence":"edition_cover_credit","note":"The lecture's own page names no translator; the cover of the book it was taken from (https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA151/English/RSP1961/HuCoTh_index.html) lists it and names the translator. Where the cover names several, it does not say which lecture each translated.","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 151/1914-01-20/p010"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}