{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 165/1916-01-16/p023","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"Tertullian was thus confronted, not consciously, I will not say, but intuitively and unconsciously, with the great riddle of how far thinking, which is adapted to nature, to natural phenomena, applies. And he countered Marcion: If one applies only that thinking which appears plausible to man, then one can assert what Marcion says. But with the Mystery of Golgotha, something has entered into world evolution to which this thinking is not applicable, for which one needs other concepts. — Hence he formed the word: These higher concepts, which refer to the divine, compel us to believe what is absurd for the finite. In order not to do injustice to Tertullian, one must not just quote the sentence: “I believe what is absurd, what cannot be proved” – but one must quote this sentence in the context in which it appears and which I wanted to make somewhat understandable. That was the main problem that now occupied Tertullian: How is the divine nature of Christ connected with the human nature of Jesus? And here he was clear about one thing: human concepts are not suitable for grasping what happened with the mystery of Golgotha. Human concepts always lead to the inability to connect the spiritual that one has grasped from the Christ with what one must grasp as earthly history in relation to Jesus. But, as I said, Tertullian lacked the possibility of grasping the problem from the constitution of man, as we are trying to understand it again today. As a result, he initially only managed, for the first time, to find, I would say, the surrogate for the concept that we develop when we want to clarify something in a particular place in our spiritual scientific knowledge.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"Second Lecture","site_heading":"Bridging Clairvoyance and Reason: The Trinity's Emergence","site_heading_note":"A heading the site wrote for this unit from a summary of it; not in the edition, and not the words of Rudolf Steiner or of the translator. Cite the unit by its title and locus, never by this heading, and do not quote it.","date":"1916-01-16","location":null,"word_count":288,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/165/1916-01-16/p023","alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:identity","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2025","book_title":"The Conceptual World and Its Relationship to Reality","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA165/English/SOL2025/19160116p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","edition_basis":null,"is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/165/1916-01-16/p023"},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/165/1916-01-16/p023","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 165/1916-01-16/p023","passage_number":23,"text":"Tertullian stand also, ich will nicht sagen, bewußt, aber empfindungsgemäß und unbewußt vor der großen Rätselfrage, wieweit denn das Denken gilt, das der Natur, den Naturerscheinungen angepaßt ist. Und er hielt dem Marcion entgegen: Wenn man nur das Denken, das den Menschen plausibel erscheint, anwendet, dann kann man das behaupten, was Marcion sagt. Aber mit dem Mysterium von Golgatha ist etwas in die Weltentwickelung eingetreten, worauf dieses Denken nicht anwendbar ist, wozu man andere Begriffe braucht. — Daher bildete er das Wort: Es nötigen uns diese höheren Begriffe, die sich auf das Göttliche beziehen, zu glauben, was für das Endliche absurd ist. Man muß schon wirklich, um dem Tertullian nicht unrecht zu tun, nicht bloß den Satz zitieren: Ich glaube was absurd ist, was sich nicht beweisen läßt -, sondern man muß diesen Satz doch im ganzen Zusammenhang, in dem er steht und den ich so jetzt etwas verständlich machen wollte, anführen. Das war das hauptsächlichste Problem, das nun Tertullian beschäftigte: Wie ist die göttliche Christus-Natur mit der menschlichen Jesus-Natur verbunden? — Und da war er sich klar darüber: menschliche Begriffe taugen für das Erfassen dessen, was sich mit dem Mysterium von Golgatha abgespielt hat, nicht. Menschliche Begriffe führen immer dazu, daß man das Spirituelle, das man von dem Christus erfaßt hat, nicht verbinden kann mit dem, was man als Erdengeschichte in bezug auf den Jesus erfassen muß. Aber, wie gesagt, Tertullian fehlte die Möglichkeit, aus der Konstitution des Menschen, wie wir sie heute wiederum zu erfassen versuchen, das Problem zu begreifen. Dadurch brachte er es zunächst nur dazu, zuerst einmal, ich möchte sagen, das Surrogat für jenen Begriff zu finden, den wir uns ausbilden, wenn wir uns etwas an einer bestimmten Stelle unserer geisteswissenschaftlichen Erkenntnis klarmachen wollen.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":288,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/165/1916-01-16/p023"}],"english":["GA 165/1916-01-16/p023"],"method":"identity","confidence":"high","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":288,"en_words":288,"ratio":1.0,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["length","meaning","audit"]},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.02,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":9551,"original_word_count":9343,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2025","book_title":"The Conceptual World and Its Relationship to Reality","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA165/English/SOL2025/19160116p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 165/1916-01-16/p023"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. 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