{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 171/1916-09-17/p053","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"Let us take first a phenomenon in which we all necessarily feel the deepest interest. The kind of understanding men have of the nature and being of Christ is of great significance, and so we will select examples of various kinds of understanding of His nature and being that lie near at hand. We have first of all a modern instance in Ernest Renan's *The Life of Jesus*, which appeared in the 19th century and went rapidly through many editions. I believe the twentieth appeared in 1900 after his death. Then we have *The Life of Jesus*, which is really no life of Jesus at all, by David Friedrich Strauss. Then we have—we cannot say, a life of Jesus, but coming from the east of Europe it is a view and conception of Christ that is of deep significance. It is not a life of Jesus but an understanding of Christ that culminates in what Soloviev wrote about Him and His part in the evolution of the earth. How significant are these three expressions of the spiritual life of the nineteenth century: *The Life of Jesus* by Renan, *The Life of Jesus* by Strauss, which is no life of Jesus at all and we shall presently hear why, and Soloviev's conception of the meaning of the Christ event in the evolution of the earth, for it is true, at any rate, to say that all of his work culminates in the Christ idea.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"2. The Influence of Luciferic and Ahrimanic Beings on Historical Development. The clear Perception of the Sensory World and Free Imaginations as the Task of Our Time. Genghis Khan and the Discovery of America","site_heading":null,"date":"1916-09-17","location":null,"word_count":243,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/171/1916-09-17/p053","alignment_confidence":"medium","alignment_reason":"beads:embedding","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Gilbert Church, Frédéric Kozlik and Stewart C. Easton","identified_edition":"AP1984","book_title":"Inner Impulses of Evolution","publisher":"Anthroposophic Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA171/English/AP1984/19160917p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/171/1916-09-17/p053","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1916-09-17","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 171/1916-09-17/p033","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/171/1916-09-17/p033"},{"locus":"GA 171/1916-09-17/p034","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/171/1916-09-17/p034"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["anchors","reader"],"reader_german":["GA 171/1916-09-17/p033"],"length_check":{"de_words":414,"en_words":420,"ratio":1.01,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 171/1916-09-17/p033","passage_number":33,"text":"Nehmen wir eine Erscheinung heraus, die uns allerdings in tiefstem Sinne interessieren muß, eine sehr bedeutsame Erscheinung; nehmen wir die Erscheinung, die sich äußert in dem menschlichen Verstehen der Wesenheit des Christus, und nehmen wir naheliegende Erscheinungen des Verständnisses für die Wesenheit des Christus. Da haben wir eine neuere Erscheinung in dem «Leben Jesu» von Ernest Renan, das Anfang der sechziger Jahre im 19. Jahrhundert erschien, rasch viele Auflagen erlebte, ich glaube die zwanzigste Auflage schon im Jahre 1900, nach dem Tode von Ernest Renan. Da haben wir «Das Leben Jesu», das aber eigentlich in Wirklichkeit kein Leben Jesu ist, von David Friedrich Strauß. Und da haben wir — wir können nun nicht sagen: ein Leben Jesu, aber gewisse Anschauungen höchst bedeutsamer Art im Osten Europas; nicht ein Leben Jesu, aber eine Auseinandersetzung über den Christus, die da gipfelt in dem, was Solowjow geschrieben hat über den Christus und sein Eingreifen in die Erdenevolution. Welche bedeutsamen drei Äußerungen des menschlichen Geisteslebens des 19. Jahrhunderts — dieses «Leben Jesu» von Ernest Renan, dieses «Leben Jesu», das aber eigentlich kein Leben Jesu ist, wir werden gleich hören, warum, von David Friedrich Strauß, dieses Eingreifen des Christus in die Erdenentwickelung, wie das Solowjow ausgeführt hat. Wenigstens gipfeln seine Ausführungen in der Christus-Idee.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":209,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/171/1916-09-17/p033"},{"locus":"GA 171/1916-09-17/p034","passage_number":34,"text":"Welches ist der Nerv der Renanschen Ausführungen über das Leben Jesu? Wenn Sie das Renansche Buch «Das Leben Jesu» richtig würdigen wollen, das heißt verstehen wollen als ein Dokument der Zeit, dann müssen Sie es vergleichen mit früheren Darstellungen des Lebens Jesu. Sie brauchen nicht einmal bloß auf die literarischen Darstellungen des Lebens Jesu zu blicken, sondern Sie können auf alle Darstellungen auch auf die malerischen Darstellungen — des Lebens Jesu blicken. Denn derselbe Gang sozusagen drückt sich überall aus, den die Darstellung des Lebens Jesu nimmt. In den ersten christlichen Römerzeiten hat man nicht nur das Christentum vom Osten herübergenommen, sondern auch die Darstellung Jesu. Man hat ja griechische Darstellungen gegeben, griechische Verbildlichung, und es ist dem Osten geblieben die Fähigkeit, Christus darzustellen. Das byzantinische Jesus-Gesicht ist ja auch im Westen immer wieder und wiederum dargestellt worden aus dem Römertum heraus, bis dann etwa vom 13. Jahrhundert ab sich zum ersten Mal die später in einer solchen Weise, wie ich das in diesen Tagen auch schon angedeutet habe, sich auslebenden Nationalideen, Nationalimpulse aufgekommen sind, wo dann aus dem nationalen Impuls allmählich umgeändert worden ist das stereotyp-traditionell fortwirkende Jesus-Gesicht, wo die Nationen an sich gerissen haben den Jesus-Typus, in ihrer Art den Jesus-Typus dargestellt haben.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":205,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/171/1916-09-17/p034"}],"english":["GA 171/1916-09-17/p053","GA 171/1916-09-17/p054"],"method":"embedding","confidence":"medium","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":414,"en_words":420,"ratio":1.01,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["anchors","reader"],"reader_german":["GA 171/1916-09-17/p033"]},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.04,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":8831,"original_word_count":8490,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Gilbert Church, Frédéric Kozlik and Stewart C. Easton","identified_edition":"AP1984","book_title":"Inner Impulses of Evolution","publisher":"Anthroposophic Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA171/English/AP1984/19160917p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 171/1916-09-17/p033","GA 171/1916-09-17/p034"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}