{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 171/1916-09-17/p056","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"Contrarily, you will find a resistance to this far reaching power of the Church, which we recognize in the art of Murillo, Lebrun, and Reni, in the works of Rubens, van Dyck, and Rembrandt—a resistance to it and a working in freedom out of their own pure humanity. Considering art in respect of its representations of the Jesus countenance, you have here direct artistic rebellion. You will now see that there is no standing still in this progression in the representation of Jesus because the forces that are at work in the world work also right into this domain. We can see how the breath of Romanism hovers over the paintings of the nationally minded LeBrun, Murillo, and Reni, and how in Rubens, van Dyck, and especially Rembrandt, the opposition to Romanism comes to such clear expression in their paintings of faces, not of Jesus alone but also of other Biblical characters. So we see how all the spiritual activities of man gradually take form among the various impulses that make themselves felt in human evolution.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"2. The Influence of Luciferic and Ahrimanic Beings on Historical Development. The clear Perception of the Sensory World and Free Imaginations as the Task of Our Time. Genghis Khan and the Discovery of America","site_heading":null,"date":"1916-09-17","location":null,"word_count":176,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/171/1916-09-17/p056","alignment_confidence":"medium","alignment_reason":"beads:embedding","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Gilbert Church, Frédéric Kozlik and Stewart C. Easton","identified_edition":"AP1984","book_title":"Inner Impulses of Evolution","publisher":"Anthroposophic Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA171/English/AP1984/19160917p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/171/1916-09-17/p056","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1916-09-17","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 171/1916-09-17/p035","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/171/1916-09-17/p035"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false,"length_check":{"de_words":296,"en_words":346,"ratio":1.17,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 171/1916-09-17/p035","passage_number":35,"text":"Da machen sich wiederum die verschiedensten Impulse geltend, den Jesus-Typus darzustellen. Verfolgen Sie, wie merkwürdig das nationale Anschauen sich hineinstiehlt, möchte ich sagen, in die Darstellungen des Jesus-Kopfes bei Guido Reni, bei Murillo, bei Lebrun. Das sind so drei Beispiele, die man herausgreifen könnte. Da haben wir überall die Sehnsucht, den Jesus-Typus national darzustellen. Er ist überall so, daß man sieht: es fließt in Guido Reni viel mehr, als das noch bei seinen Vorgängern der Fall war, der italienische Seelentypus in das Gesicht des Jesus, bei Murillo der spanische, bei Lebrun der französische. Aber bei diesen drei Darstellungen sehen wir überall das Prinzip der kirchlichen Tradition. Sie werden nicht Bilder bei ihnen finden, bei denen Sie nicht die mächtige Kirche dahinterstehen sehen. Dagegen finden Sie ein Auflehnen, man möchte sagen, ein malerisches Auflehnen gegen die umfassende Macht des Kirchentums, die man in der Malerei des Murillo, des Lebrun, des Guido Reni erblickt, ein Auflehnen, ein freies Herausarbeiten aus der Menschlichkeit selber bei Rubens, bei van Dyck, bei Rembrandt. Das ist geradezu malerisches Rebellentum, wenn Sie es betrachten mit Bezug auf die Darstellung des Jesus-Antlitzes. Jedenfalls aber sehen wir aus diesem Fortgang, wie das, was sich an Vorstellungen an Jesus angliedert, nicht im Stillstande ist, sondern wie die Kräfte, die in der Welt wirken, selbst auf dieses Gebiet hereinwirken. Wie der Romanismus wie ein Hauch liegt über den sich zum Nationalen emporhebenden Lebrun, Murillo, Guido Reni, wie das Anstürmen gegen den Romanismus so deutlich zum Ausdrucke kommt in den Gesichtern — nicht einmal bloß dem Jesus-Gesicht, sondern den anderen Gesichtern der heiligen Geschichte — bei Rubens, bei van Dyck, insbesondere dann bei Rembrandt. Und so sehen wir, wie sich unter den verschiedenen Impulsen, die sich in der menschlichen Evolution herauferheben, alle geistigen Berätigungen nach und nach ausgestalten.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":296,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/171/1916-09-17/p035"}],"english":["GA 171/1916-09-17/p055","GA 171/1916-09-17/p056"],"method":"embedding","confidence":"medium","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":296,"en_words":346,"ratio":1.17,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.04,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":8831,"original_word_count":8490,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Gilbert Church, Frédéric Kozlik and Stewart C. Easton","identified_edition":"AP1984","book_title":"Inner Impulses of Evolution","publisher":"Anthroposophic Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA171/English/AP1984/19160917p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 171/1916-09-17/p035"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}