{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 174b/1915-11-24/p037-p038","extent":"range","passage_number":37,"through":38,"paragraph_count":2,"first_locus":"GA 174b/1915-11-24/p037","last_locus":"GA 174b/1915-11-24/p038","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"title":"Sixth Lecture","date":"1915-11-24","location":null,"alignment_confidence":"medium","alignment_reason":"beads:identity","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2024","book_title":"The Spiritual Background of Human History","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA174b/English/SOL2024/19151124p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. 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Cite the unit by its title and locus, never by this heading, and do not quote it.","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/174b/1915-11-24/p037-p038","json_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/174b/1915-11-24/p037-p038.json","lecture_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/174b/1915-11-24#p037","word_count":724,"quote_safe":true,"passages":[{"passage_number":37,"locus":"GA 174b/1915-11-24/p037","text":"To reinforce this, I would like to mention one more thing. There are people we should certainly listen to, because they are saying the right thing from the point of view of the present. They say: In earlier times, people did not know what a criminal is, why a person develops as a criminal in the world. Today, however, we know. If you dissect the head of a criminal, you will find that it has a certain characteristic: the occipital lobe does not completely cover the cerebellum, as it does in normal people. It was a great and significant discovery made by Moritz Benedikt, the famous criminal anthropologist, which shows how a certain simple physiology of the occiput determines whether someone is a criminal. So consider: You are a criminal because the posterior lobe does not cover parts of the brain that should be covered! There is nothing to be said against this truth. It is there, and it would be quite foolish to rebel against it, because it is a truth. But think: If you are a materialist, what do you have to say? Well, some people are born with brain lobes that are too small; they are then predestined to become criminals. Consider – I need not elaborate further – the infinite bleakness of such a view of the world! Consider how all human feeling must be changed when one knows nothing but this, and when one must say to oneself: Why do people become criminals? Because that is how nature has placed them in life, so that they cannot help but become criminals. But if one begins to know that the human being has an etheric body, then one knows something else to say about the matter, one knows something else about it. One knows that this ether body encompasses all parts, and that in the case of a person who has a occipital lobe that is too short in the physical sense, the corresponding ether parts can still attain their full development. Whatever the physical condition may be, the correction can also be achieved with the ether body. If we succeed in having a form of education that draws on spiritual science as well as physical science, we can develop an insight into a child's behaviour that enables us to recognise what is needed for its education and what we need to provide so that the ether body develops in such a way that it counteracts the effect of the underdeveloped occipital lobes. Then a person can, even if their hindbrain is not normally formed in the etheric body, still become a good person, even if they are physically predestined to be a criminal. Here you can see how spiritual science can and must practically intervene in life. Because purely physical science must let the criminal brain be a criminal brain, because it is only a science of the physical. But if you take spiritual science into consideration, you paralyze the physical defects. From this you can see what must develop in the future.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":508,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/174b/1915-11-24/p037","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1915-11-24","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 174b/1915-11-24/p037","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/174b/1915-11-24/p037"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":488,"en_words":508,"ratio":1.04,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 174b/1915-11-24/p037"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":38,"locus":"GA 174b/1915-11-24/p038","text":"And now imagine: this spiritual science did not exist! Then there would never be the possibility of developing the etheric body in the way I have described. That means that anyone born in the future with an atrophied brain will live out their life in a way that corresponds to this brain. There will be no possibility of pedagogically improving this. The consequence of this will be that people will become what their physical organization is capable of. And this will continue forever. And people will reach the state of Jupiter, and the materialists' current dreams will become true. If spiritual science does not overcome what follows from the merely material organization, then people will gradually develop in such a way that this material organization will be decisive; people would then merely be a result of their material development. Because spiritual science intervenes in life, this will not be the case on Jupiter; the etheric body will again transform the physical body. For if in a life in which the physical brain has atrophied due to the karma of earlier lives, the etheric body is properly developed, then in the next incarnation the physical brain will develop properly. These things are all connected. So that spiritual science really becomes a reality, that it transforms humanity again.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":216,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/174b/1915-11-24/p038","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1915-11-24","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 174b/1915-11-24/p038","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/174b/1915-11-24/p038"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":215,"en_words":216,"ratio":1.0,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 174b/1915-11-24/p038"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. 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Wenn man einen Verbrecherkopf seziert, so findet man, daß er eine gewisse Eigenschaft hat: der Hinterhauptlappen bedeckt das Kleingehirn nicht völlig wie beim normalen Menschen. — Es war eine große, bedeutsame Entdeckung, die Moriz Benedikt, der berühmte Kriminalanthropologe, machte, die zeigt, wie eine gewisse einfache Physiologie des Hinterhauptes bedingt, daß man ein Verbrecher ist. Also bedenken Sie: Ein Verbrecher ist man dadurch, daß der hintere Gehirnlappen Teile des Gehirnes nicht bedeckt, die bedeckt werden sollen! Gegen diese Wahrheit ist nichts einzuwenden. Sie ist einmal da, und es wäre ganz einfältig, sich dagegen aufzulehnen, denn es ist eben eine Wahrheit. Aber denken Sie: Wenn man nun Materialist ist, was muß man dann sagen? — Ja nun, es werden eben Menschen so geboren, daß sie zu kleine Gehirnlappen haben; die sind dann prädestiniert, Verbrecher zu werden. Bedenken Sie - ich brauche das nicht weiter auszuführen — das unendlich Trostlose einer solchen Anschauung der Welt! Bedenken Sie, wie alles menschliche Fühlen verändert werden muß, wenn man nichts anderes weiß als dieses, und wenn man sich sagen muß: Warum werden Menschen zu Verbrechern? Weil sie von der Natur eben so hineingestellt werden ins Leben, daß sie nicht anders können als Verbrecher werden. — Beginnt man aber zu wissen, daß der Mensch einen Ätherleib hat, so weiß man zu der Sache etwas anderes zu sagen, man weiß etwas anderes dazu. Man weiß, daß dieser Ätherleib alle Teile umfaßt, und daß bei dem Menschen, der einen zu kurzen Hinterhauptslappen hat im physischen Sinne, noch immer die entsprechenden Ätherteile ihre volle Entwickelung erlangen können. Wie es sich dann auch mit dem Physischen verhalten mag, die Korrektur kann auch mit dem Ätherleib erreicht werden. Wenn es uns nun gelingt, solch eine Pädagogik zu haben, daß wir für sie nicht nur die physische Wissenschaft zu Hilfe rufen, sondern die Geisteswissenschaft, dann können wir uns einen Blick dafür aneignen aus der Art und Weise, wie sich ein Kind verhält, um zu erkennen, was notwendig ist zu seiner Erziehung, und was wir vorkehren müssen, damit der Atherleib sich so entwickelt, daß er die Wirkung der zu kurzen Hinterhauptslappen paralysiert. Dann kann der Mensch, wenn im Ätherleibe sein Hinterhirn normal ausgebildet ist, trotzdem ein guter Mensch werden, wenn er auch physisch prädestiniert ist zum Verbrecher. Hier sehen Sie, wie Geisteswissenschaft praktisch in das Leben eingreifen kann und muß. Denn die rein physische Wissenschaft muß das Verbrecherhirn eben Verbrecherhirn sein lassen, weil sie nur eine Wissenschaft vom Physischen ist. Nimmt man aber auf die Geisteswissenschaft Rücksicht, so paralysiert man die physischen Mängel. Hieraus ergibt sich Ihnen das, was in die Zukunft hinein sich entwickeln muß.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":488,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/174b/1915-11-24/p037"},{"locus":"GA 174b/1915-11-24/p038","passage_number":38,"text":"Und stellen Sie sich jetzt vor: Diese Geisteswissenschaft bestünde nicht! Dann wird niemals die Möglichkeit entstehen, den Ätherleib in einer solchen Weise zu entwickeln, wie ich gesagt habe. Das heißt, derjenige, der geboren wird in Zukunft mit einem verkümmerten Gehirn, der wird sich so ausleben, wie es diesem Gehirn entspricht. Es wird keine Möglichkeit geben, dies pädagogisch auszubessern. Die Folge davon wird sein, daß die Menschen so werden, wie es ihrer physischen Organisation gemäß ist. Und das wird immer weitergehen. Und die Menschen werden zum Jupiterzustand kommen, und das wird wahr sein, was die Materialisten heute erträumen. Wenn durch Geisteswissenschaft nicht dasjenige, was aus der bloß materiellen Organisation folgt, überwunden wird, so werden die Menschen nach und nach sich so entwickeln, daß diese materielle Organisation maßgebend sein wird; die Menschen würden dann bloß ein Ergebnis ihrer materiellen Entwickelung sein. Dadurch, daß Geisteswissenschaft eingreift in das Leben, wird das auf dem Jupiter nicht so sein, es wird der Ätherleib wiederum umgestalten den physischen Leib. Denn wenn dann in einem Leben, in dem durch das Karma frühere Lebensursachen das physische Gehirn verkümmert haben, der Ätherleib richtig entwickelt wird, so wird sich in der nächsten Inkarnation das physische Gehirn richtig entwickeln. Das berührt sich alles. So daß Geisteswissenschaft wirklich eine Realität wird, daß sie die Menschheit wiederum umgestaltet.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":215,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/174b/1915-11-24/p038"}],"beads":[{"from":[37],"to":[37],"confidence":"medium"},{"from":[38],"to":[38],"confidence":"medium"}],"note":"Paired by the paragraph aligner; each language numbers its own paragraphs. A bead at either end of the span can carry text beyond it (the `from` numbers show what each bead covers)."}}