{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 184/1918-09-13/p016","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"Now, however, the question arises: what is the relationship between the human and the cosmic? I have already hinted at something about this from a certain point of view; today we want to add a few aphorisms. When reasonable philologists – today philology, too, has firstly become abstracted and secondly rather philistine – but when reasonable philologists studied the languages that could be found among the so-called wild people in America when the \"civilized\", I say that in quotation marks, had penetrated into America, when these civilized people had discovered the wild Americans, the more insightful philologists found it remarkable that these wild people had such logically transparent languages! A great number of such languages were found there in which, as philologists can assure us, and as is also true, the refinements of Spanish and Italian can be found in the formation and structure of the language. Such things were found among the wild natives of Greenland. Now there is no doubt about it: these savages did not have the intellect of which modern man is so proud. Nor would this modern intellect get very far if it were to engage in language formation and creation; for what the modern intellect achieves when it wants to be creative in language can be sufficiently demonstrated in many places. In fact, objective reason was at work in the human soul, which was still a wild one, which did not yet have the present intellect. This objective reason I also showed you at work in humanity's creativity in language the other day. Reason held sway there. This reason that held sway there did not yet affect man as strongly individualized as today's world reason affects man; it affected man even less individualized, less separated, and worked in him even more as cosmic reason. And so it has come about in the development of mankind. In those ancient times, man was not the wild creature that today's anthropology awakens illusionary ideas about, but he was a member of a whole organism - although this is of course figuratively speaking - and he gradually individualized himself. So he was a member and expressed more and more cosmic reason, or one could also say that cosmic reason was expressed more and more in him.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"Fourth Lecture","site_heading":"Bridging Materialism and Spirituality Through Spiritual Science","site_heading_note":"A heading the site wrote for this unit from a summary of it; not in the edition, and not the words of Rudolf Steiner or of the translator. Cite the unit by its title and locus, never by this heading, and do not quote it.","date":"1918-09-13","location":null,"word_count":378,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/184/1918-09-13/p016","alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:identity","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2024","book_title":"The Polarity of Duration and Development","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA184/English/SOL2024/19180913p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","edition_basis":null,"is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/184/1918-09-13/p016"},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/184/1918-09-13/p016","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 184/1918-09-13/p016","passage_number":16,"text":"Nun entsteht allerdings die Frage: Wie ist das Verhältnis des Menschlichen zu diesem Kosmischen? Von einer gewissen Seite her habe ich Ihnen schon etwas darüber angedeutet; wir wollen heute noch einiges Aphoristische dazufügen. Als einsichtige Philologen - heute ist auch die Philologie erstens verabstrahiert, und zweitens ziemlich philiströs geworden -, aber als die einsichtigeren Philologen die Sprachen studierten, welche man bei den sogenannten wilden Menschen in Amerika hatte finden können, als die «Zivilisierten», ich sage das unter Anführungszeichen, in Amerika eingedrungen waren, als also diese Zivilisierten die wilden Amerikaner entdeckt hatten, da fanden die einsichtigeren Philologen, daß es doch merkwürdig sei, was diese wilden Menschen für logisch durchsichtig ausgebildete Sprachen haben! Eine ganze große Anzahl solcher Sprachen fanden sich da, in denen sich, wie die Philologen versichern können und wie es auch wahr ist, die Finessen des Spanischen und Italienischen in der Sprachbildung und Sprachgliederung zusammenfinden. Bei den wilden Eingeborenen Grönlands fand man solche Dinge. Nun ist es ganz zweifellos: jenen Intellekt, auf den der moderne Mensch so stolz ist, den hatten diese Wilden nicht. Dieser moderne Intellekt würde auch nicht sehr weit kommen, wenn er sich auf Sprachbildung und auf Sprachschöpfung einließe; denn was der moderne Intellekt zustande bringt, wenn er sprachschöpferisch auftreten will, davon kann man sich mancherorts hinlänglich überzeugen. Da waltete in der Tat in der Menschenseele, die noch eine wilde war, die noch nicht den gegenwärtigen Intellekt hatte, objektive Vernunft, jene objektive Vernunft, die ich Ihnen auch sonst neulich einmal im Sprachschöpferischen der Menschheit wirksam zeigte. Da waltete Vernunft. Diese Vernunft, die da waltete, die traf den Menschen noch nicht so stark individualisiert, wie die heutige Weltvernunft den Menschen trifft; sie traf den Menschen noch weniger individualisiert, weniger gesondert, und wirkte in ihm noch mehr als kosmische Vernunft. Und so ist es auch in der Entwickelung der Menschheit gekommen. Der Mensch war in jenen alten Zeiten nicht jenes wilde Wesen, von dem die heutige Anthropologie illusionistische Vorstellungen erweckt, sondern er war ein Glied eines Gesamtorganismus — obwohl das natürlich bildlich gesprochen ist - und er individualisierte sich nach und nach. Also er war ein Glied und drückte noch mehr die kosmische Vernunft aus, oder man könnte auch sagen, in ihm drückte sich mehr die kosmische Vernunft aus.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":371,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/184/1918-09-13/p016"}],"english":["GA 184/1918-09-13/p016"],"method":"identity","confidence":"high","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":371,"en_words":378,"ratio":1.02,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["length","meaning","audit"]},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.04,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":7899,"original_word_count":7625,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2024","book_title":"The Polarity of Duration and Development","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA184/English/SOL2024/19180913p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 184/1918-09-13/p016"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. 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