{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 198/1920-03-20/p003","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"What holds good for people today as an almost undisputed authority is science; science in the sense in which it is pursued in the educational institutions of the country. We have often spoken of how far the validity of science can go, and it has also been pointed out that people today must free themselves from its authority. I want now to show how it has become a characteristic phenomenon—but only of the last three or four centuries—to regard medicine as one of these sciences which hold sway as authorities. Indeed, everything connected with medicine is just one science among others—a science the effects of which are intended to bring about the healing of the sick. Today it is hardly realised that this relation of medicine to the other sciences, and to the whole field of knowledge, has come about only during the last three or four centuries. For the further back we go in human evolution the more do we find how everything that could be cultivated by man in the way of science, of knowledge, was considered to be more or less of a medical nature—as having to do with healing. And when we look back to those olden times, particularly to the development then of occult science, we see that with the concept of this occult science, of this body of knowledge, there is always bound up the concept of healing. In any healing, spiritual science was always involved. Thus, at that time it could never have been said: Medicine is one science among many!—In those days when pure intellect was not thought to have any place in occult science it was said: In all science, in all knowledge, we must search for what aims at healing the whole human being.—This thought arose in the soul when they spoke.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"Knowledge as a Source of Healing I","site_heading":"Knowledge as Healing: Restoring Spiritual Science to Society","site_heading_note":"A heading the site wrote for this unit from a summary of it; not in the edition, and not the words of Rudolf Steiner or of the translator. Cite the unit by its title and locus, never by this heading, and do not quote it.","date":"1920-03-20","location":null,"word_count":302,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/198/1920-03-20/p003","alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:length","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Violet E. Watkin","identified_edition":"UNK1956","book_title":"Knowledge as a Source of Healing","publisher":null,"publisher_inferred":false,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA198/English/UNK1956/19200320p01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row"},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","edition_basis":null,"is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/198/1920-03-20/p003"},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/198/1920-03-20/p003","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 198/1920-03-20/p003","passage_number":3,"text":"Was heute den Menschen als eine fast unumstrittene Autorität gilt, das ist Wissenschaft, Wissenschaft eben in demjenigen Sinne, in dem diese Wissenschaft heute auf unseren staatlich abgestempelten Lehranstalten getrieben wird. Wir haben öfters über die Geltungsmöglichkeiten dieser Wissenschaft gesprochen, haben auch hingewiesen darauf, wie gerade von dieser Autorität die Menschheit der Gegenwart loskommen müsse. Heute will ich darauf hinweisen, daß es ja eine charakteristische Erscheinung geworden ist — auch erst seit den letzten drei bis vier Jahrhunderten -, als eine von diesen Wissenschaften, die Geltung haben, die Autorität haben, die Medizin zu betrachten. Alles, was mit der Medizin zusammenhängt, ist eben eine Wissenschaft unter den anderen, eine Wissenschaft, welche in ihrem weiteren Verfolge führen soll zum Heilen, zum Heilen des kranken Menschen. Man denkt kaum heute daran, daß dieses Verhältnis von Medizin zu anderen Wissenschaften und zu der Gesamtheit der Wissenschaften sich auch erst in den letzten drei bis vier Jahrhunderten herausgebildet hat. Denn je weiter wir in der Menschheitsentwickelung zurückgehen, desto mehr sehen wir, wie alles, was der Mensch an Wissenschaft, an Erkenntnis ausbilden konnte, mehr oder weniger als medizinisch angesehen wurde, als etwas angesehen wurde, was mit Heilen etwas zu tun hat. Und wenn wir zurückgehen insbesondere in die Entwickelung der okkulten Wissenschaften in älteren Zeiten, so ist mit dem Begriff der okkulten Wissenschaften, der Geheimwissenschaften, der Begriff des Heilens immer verbunden gewesen. Immer hatten mit irgendeiner Art des Heilens die geistigen Wissenschaften etwas zu tun. So daß man damals in älteren Zeiten nicht sagen konnte: Medizin ist eine Wissenschaft unter vielen -, sondern daß man sagte in diesen älteren Zeiten, in denen höchstens das rein Intellektuelle nicht zu dem Okkulten gerechnet worden ist: In aller Wissenschaft, in aller Erkenntnis muß etwas gesucht werden, das zuletzt abzweckt auf ein Heilen des ganzen Menschen. — Man sprach also in dem Sinne, daß man sich diesen Gedanken vor die Seele rückte.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":311,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/198/1920-03-20/p003"}],"english":["GA 198/1920-03-20/p003"],"method":"length","confidence":"high","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":311,"en_words":302,"ratio":0.97,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":0.95,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":3434,"original_word_count":3611,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Violet E. Watkin","identified_edition":"UNK1956","book_title":"Knowledge as a Source of Healing","publisher":null,"publisher_inferred":false,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA198/English/UNK1956/19200320p01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row"},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 198/1920-03-20/p003"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}