{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 208/1921-10-23/p014","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"Roman civilization is characterized by a mind that made everything abstract. The Romans evolved a dry, abstract way of thinking that did not perceive in images and wanted to live only in the forms of the mind. With the Greeks we still feel that the figures of their gods, that is, the elemental principles in the world of nature, had an inner life. The Roman gods were stiff, abstract concepts. Logic gained the upper hand over the imaginative thinking that had still been widespread in ancient Greece. Anything the Romans still had by way of imagination actually came from Greece. The Romans introduced the prosaic, logical thinking that was later to give the Latin language the logical quality that was to govern civilization for ages to come.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"Lecture III","site_heading":"Luciferic and Ahrimanic Forces in Human Evolution","site_heading_note":"A heading the site wrote for this unit from a summary of it; not in the edition, and not the words of Rudolf Steiner or of the translator. Cite the unit by its title and locus, never by this heading, and do not quote it.","date":"1921-10-23","location":null,"word_count":127,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/208/1921-10-23/p014","alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:length","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Anna R. Meuss","identified_edition":"CMP1997","book_title":"Cosmosophy Vol.  II","publisher":null,"publisher_inferred":false,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA208/English/CMP1997/19211023p02.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line"},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","edition_basis":null,"is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/208/1921-10-23/p014"},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/208/1921-10-23/p014","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 208/1921-10-23/p014","passage_number":14,"text":"Dieses Betätigen des menschlichen Verstandes, der dann alles ins Abstrakte hineingestaltete, das finden wir insbesondere im Römertum. Das Römertum entwickelte ja ein trockenes, ein abstraktes Wesen, ein bildfremdes Wesen, ein Wesen, das in den Verstandesformen leben wollte. Während wir durch den Griechen noch immer das Gefühl haben: die Göttergestalten, also das, was als Elementares der Welt, der Natur zugrunde lag, das habe ein inneres Leben, sind die römischen Götter Abstraktionen, haben einen starren, steifen Begriffscharakter. Das logische Wesen nimmt überhand gegenüber dem früheren imaginativen Wesen, das noch in Griechenland so stark ausgebreitet war. Alles, was die Römer noch an Imagination gehabt haben, entstammte ja Griechenland. Die Römer haben das Prosaelement, das Element der Logizität hinzugebracht und haben es dann auch als Romanismus in die späteren Zeiten fortentwickelt, daher dann die lateinische Sprache jenen logischen Charakter angenommen hat, durch den sie so lange Zeit hindurch kulturgestaltend gewirkt hat.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":147,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/208/1921-10-23/p014"}],"english":["GA 208/1921-10-23/p014"],"method":"length","confidence":"high","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":147,"en_words":127,"ratio":0.86,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":0.97,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":5319,"original_word_count":5468,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Anna R. Meuss","identified_edition":"CMP1997","book_title":"Cosmosophy Vol.  II","publisher":null,"publisher_inferred":false,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA208/English/CMP1997/19211023p02.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line"},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 208/1921-10-23/p014"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}