{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p007-p014","extent":"range","passage_number":7,"through":14,"paragraph_count":8,"first_locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p007","last_locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p014","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"title":"Lecture IV","date":"1924-04-05","location":null,"alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:length","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"D. S. Osmond","identified_edition":"RSP1966","book_title":"Karmic Relationships V","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA239/English/RSP1966/19240405p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"other_renderings":{"loci":[{"locus":"GA 260a/1924-04-05","ga":"260a","lecture":"1924-04-05","kind":"reprint","relation":"the same text served under another volume (a reprint or another edition)"}],"note":"The same lecture is also served at the loci listed, each with how it relates to this one. They are ONE witness, not independent attestations: quote the rendering you fetched, and do not cite another as corroborating it. Wording differs between translations, so a quotation found in one need not occur in the other."},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.03,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":5642,"original_word_count":5468,"may_be_abridged":false},"site_heading":"Karma Across Incarnations: Garibaldi, Byron, Marx","site_heading_note":"A heading the site wrote for this unit from a summary of it; not in the edition, and not the words of Rudolf Steiner or of the translator. Cite the unit by its title and locus, never by this heading, and do not quote it.","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05/p007-p014","json_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05/p007-p014.json","lecture_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05#p007","word_count":2367,"quote_safe":true,"passages":[{"passage_number":7,"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p007","text":"The case of Garibaldi is strange in that although at heart and in sentiment he was a republican, through and through a republican, he laid the whole force of his will into the task of consolidating the Italian monarchy under *Victor Emanuel*. Simply by studying the biography of Garibaldi one can perceive a fundamental contradiction between this inner trend of feeling and his actual deeds. One perceives, too, that he felt a bond with men like *Mazzini* and *Cavour*, with whose ideas and convictions he was manifestly at variance and whose trend of thought differed so radically from his own. Then there is the striking fact that Garibaldi was born, in the year 1807, quite near to the birthplaces of the other three: the later King Victor Emanuel, Cavour the statesman, and Mazzini the philosopher. Their birthplaces were really in close proximity. And then one is led to investigate the connection between the karma of such personalities.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":157,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05/p007","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"D. S. Osmond","identified_edition":"RSP1966","book_title":"Karmic Relationships V","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA239/English/RSP1966/19240405p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 239/1924-04-05/p007"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":8,"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p008","text":"The other aspect—a very far reaching one—is the following. In studying Spiritual Science we must always have in our minds that in olden times there were Initiates, seers, men of vision in the widest sense. And the question may be asked: Since these wise men of times gone by must reincarnate, where are they working now, in the modern age? Where are they, these great personalities who worked as Initiates in the past?—They have indeed come again but it must be remembered that when a human being is born in a particular epoch he is obliged to use the body provided by that epoch. The bodies of olden days were more pliant, more flexible, yielding more readily to the spirit; and in earthly existence man must use the body to transform into earthly shape and earthly activity what was imbued into him before he came down to the Earth. Faced with conditions that are so full of riddles, we must remember—and no criticism is here implied—that for centuries now the effect of the whole of education upon the human organism has been such that what was once alive in an Initiate simply cannot come to expression. Much has to remain concealed in the deep substrata of existence. And for this reason, many Initiates of bygone days appear again as personalities who with the concepts and notions prevailing to-day cannot be recognised as former Initiates because they are obliged to use the body which their epoch provides.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":246,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05/p008","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"D. S. Osmond","identified_edition":"RSP1966","book_title":"Karmic Relationships V","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA239/English/RSP1966/19240405p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 239/1924-04-05/p008"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":9,"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p009","text":"Garibaldi is just such an example. If we go far back into the past, we find deep and profound Mysteries, great Initiates, in ancient Ireland. But the Irish Mysteries survived right on into the Christian era. Even to-day there is still much living spirituality in Ireland—not of an abstract, conceptual kind, but alive, spiritually potent. Chaotic as conditions in that country appear to-day, there is in Ireland much real spiritual life. But it is only the very last vestige of what once existed. In Hibernia, in Ireland, there were deep and penetrating Mysteries whose influences still made their way across to Europe in the early centuries of the spread of Christianity. And there one finds an Initiate whose path in the 8th to 9th centuries after the founding of Christianity led him from Ireland to the region corresponding approximately to modern Alsace. Under the stormy conditions then prevailing, this Initiate achieved much for the cause of true Christianity, for which, if the truth be told, Boniface accomplished very little. To this Initiate came three pupils from different quarters of the world—three pupils who entrusted themselves to him. These three pupils came to him—one from far away, another from nearer at hand. But in the Irish Mysteries there was an inviolable decree that an Initiate to whom pupils had entrusted themselves must not abandon them in the later incarnation but must accomplish in earthly life something that will hold them to him, something that establishes a bond between him and these pupils. The Initiate of whom I am speaking was born again as Joseph Garibaldi, with that visionary quality of will which in olden times had been able to express itself in a quite different form from that possible in a body belonging to the 19th century. Garibaldi received only a very inferior education, quite unlike the education that was typical of the 19th century. The three others I have named were the pupils who in the past had come to him from different parts of the world. But the impulse working from the one incarnation over into the other was far deeper and more potent than external principles of action. In comparison with the link stretching across the incarnations between man and man, it is a triviality to contend: I am a Republican, you are a Monarchist. In these things one must realise how greatly earthly Maya, the great illusion, the semblance of being, deviates from the spiritual reality which is in truth the motive power behind the phenomena of existence. And so in spite of the radical difference in sentiment and conviction, Garibaldi could not abandon, for example, Victor Emanuel. Sentiment and conviction in connection with earthly matters and not with human beings belong to the epoch, not to the individuality who passes from one earthly life to another.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":470,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05/p009","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"D. S. Osmond","identified_edition":"RSP1966","book_title":"Karmic Relationships V","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA239/English/RSP1966/19240405p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"discrepancy","checked_against":["GA 239/1924-04-05/p009"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":["Christ"],"bead_confidence":"high","bead_length_ratio":1.03,"likely_cause":"unresolved","note":"NAME MISMATCH between this English passage and its German counterpart. A name the German carries is absent here (or a name appears here that the German does not carry). Two things cause this and they need telling apart: the translation really drops or reassigns what the original distinguishes, OR the paragraph alignment paired the wrong passages. `bead_confidence` does NOT settle which: this corpus's embedding aligner pairs topically-related paragraphs at full confidence, and a sampled high-confidence mismatch proved to be a wrong pairing. Read the German passages listed and confirm they are counterparts BEFORE drawing any conclusion about the translation."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":10,"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p010","text":"I want to give another example, one with which I came into close personal contact. I had a *geometry teacher*[^1] who was of enormous help to me. My autobiography will have indicated to you that geometry is one of the subjects to which I owe most because of the impulses it quickened in me. This geometry teacher himself played a very valuable part in my life. The fact that he was an excellent constructor might well have led to my great affection for him because I myself loved geometrical construction and because he expressed everything with genuine independence of mind and also with all the exclusiveness belonging to geometrical thinking. His mind was focused so exclusively upon geometry that in the real sense of the word he was no mathematician; he was a geometrician and nothing else. In this sphere he was brilliant but it could not be said that he was deeply versed in mathematics. He lived at a time when all descriptive geometry—his special subject—underwent changes. Characteristically, however, he kept to the old forms. But something else about him provided a far more revealing clue for occult investigation: he had what is called a club foot. Now the strange thing is that the force—not, of course, the physical substance—the force which a man has in his feet in one incarnation, the character of his tread, how his feet lead him into wrong-doing or well doing—this force is metamorphosed. Whatever is connected with the feet may live itself out in a subsequent incarnation in the head organisation; whereas what we now bear in our head may come to expression, in the later incarnation, in the organisation of the legs. Metamorphosis takes a peculiar form here. One who is conversant with these things can discern from the style and manner of a man's gait, how he treads with his toes and heels, what quality of thinking characterised him in an earlier incarnation. And one who observes the qualities of a man's thinking—whether his thoughts are quick, fleeting, cursory, or deliberate and cautious—will be able to picture how he actually walked in a previous incarnation.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":354,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05/p010","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"D. S. Osmond","identified_edition":"RSP1966","book_title":"Karmic Relationships V","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA239/English/RSP1966/19240405p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 239/1924-04-05/p010"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":11,"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p011","text":"In the earlier incarnation, a man whose thoughts are fleeting and cursory walked with short, rapid steps, as though tapping over the ground, whereas the gait of a man who thinks cautiously and with deliberation was firm and steady in the earlier life. It is just these apparently minor characteristics that lead further when one is looking for the deeper, spiritual connections and not those of an external, abstract kind. And so when time and time again I called up the picture of this greatly loved teacher, I was guided to his earlier incarnation. With this picture another associated itself—also of a man with a club foot: *Lord Byron*.[^2] The two men were there before me in this inner picture. And the karma of my teacher, as well as the peculiarity of which I have told you, led me to the discovery that in the 10th or 11th century, both these souls had lived in their earlier incarnations far over in the East of Europe where they came one day under the influence of a legend, a prophecy. This legend was to the effect that the Palladium, which in a certain magical way helped to sustain the power of Rome, had been brought to that city from ancient Troy, and hidden. When the Emperor Constantine conceived the wish to carry Roman culture to Constantinople he caused the Palladium to be transported with the greatest pomp and pageantry to Constantinople and hidden under a pillar, the details of which gave expression to his overweening pride. For he ordered an ancient statue of Apollo to be set at the top of this pillar, but altered in such a way as to be a portrait of himself. He caused wood to be brought from the Cross on which Christ had been crucified and shaped into a kind of crown which was then placed on the head of this statue. It was the occasion for indulging in veritable orgies of pride!","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":327,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05/p011","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"D. S. Osmond","identified_edition":"RSP1966","book_title":"Karmic Relationships V","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA239/English/RSP1966/19240405p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 239/1924-04-05/p011"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":12,"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p012","text":"The legend went on to prophesy that the Palladium would be transferred from Constantinople to the North and that the power embodied in it would be vested eventually in a Slavonic Empire. This prophecy came to the knowledge of the two men of whom I have been speaking and they resolved to go to Constantinople and to carry off the Palladium to Russia. They did not succeed. But in one of them especially—in Byron—the urge remained, and was then transformed in the later life into the impulse to espouse the cause of freedom in Greece. This impulse led Byron, in the 19th century, to the very region, broadly speaking, where he had searched for the Palladium in an earlier incarnation.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":120,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05/p012","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"D. S. Osmond","identified_edition":"RSP1966","book_title":"Karmic Relationships V","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA239/English/RSP1966/19240405p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 239/1924-04-05/p012"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":13,"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p013","text":"It is a question, you see, of finding the threads which lead back into earlier ages. On another occasion my attention fell on a personality who lived about the 9th century in the north east of France as France is to-day, and who during the first part of his life was the owner of extensive landed estates. He was, for those times, a wealthy man, and being of a warlike nature he engaged in many rather quixotic military adventures not on a large but on a small scale. When he had reached a certain age, this personality gathered around him people who then accompanied him on a campaign which ended in disaster and brought bitter disillusionment in its train. Without having achieved anything at all, he was obliged to return home. But meanwhile—as was a common practice in those days—another had taken possession of his house, land and people during his absence. On his arrival he found that his own estates were in other hands strange as the story is, it actually happened so and he was obliged thereafter to serve in his own manor as a kind of helot or serf. Many a meeting took place there with people of the neighbourhood, usually by night, and in a rather uncultured, rough and ready way, ideas were elaborated for seizing power—although beyond the fact that such ideas were worked out, nothing could possibly come of them. These ideas for rebelling against the overlords—almost as in the days of Rome—were the subject of much heated and fervid dialectic. Our interest may well be roused by this personality who had been ousted from estates, possessions and authority but who with an inflexible will stirred up the whole district, particularly against the one who had usurped the property. The personality of whom I am speaking was born again in the 19th century, when inwardly, in mind and soul, he became the kind of character one would expect from the circumstances of the earlier incarnation: he became *Karl Marx*[^3] the socialist leader. Just think what a light is shed upon world history when one can study it in this way, when one can actually follow the souls passing from one epoch into the other, observing how what these souls bear within them is carried over from epoch to epoch. History and the evolution of mankind are seen in this way in their real and concrete setting.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":402,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05/p013","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"D. S. Osmond","identified_edition":"RSP1966","book_title":"Karmic Relationships V","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA239/English/RSP1966/19240405p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 239/1924-04-05/p013"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":14,"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p014","text":"In Dornach recently I was able to call attention to another connection of karma, one which caused me repeatedly during the War, and especially at the end of the War, to warn people against allowing themselves to be blinded by a certain outstanding figure of modern times. In the Helsingfors[^4] lectures of 1913 I had already spoken of the very limited abilities of the person in question. This was because the connection between Muawiyah,[^5] a follower of Mohammed in the 7th century, and *Woodrow Wilson*, was clear to me. All the fatalism which characterised the personality of Muawiyah, came out in the otherwise inexplicable fatalism of Woodrow Wilson—in his case, fatalism of will. And if anyone wants to find corroboration, to discover the origin of the well known Fourteen Points, he has only to turn to the Koran. Such are the connections. These things must be kept absolutely free from sympathy or antipathy; it is not a question of criticism but only of the purest objectivity. But this very objectivity leads from one point in history at which a soul has appeared, to another such point. When humanity outsteps in some degree the still surviving heritage of materialism, people will be willing to listen to such things and observe for themselves. And then they will feel quite differently about their place in modern civilisation because they will be able to see it not in a dead but in a living setting. That is the important point. The whole process of historical development will be imbued with life. And if man is to get beyond the blind alley in which he is now standing in his civilisation, he needs the *living* spirit and not the dead spirit of abstract concepts and ideas.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":291,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/239/1924-04-05/p014","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"D. S. Osmond","identified_edition":"RSP1966","book_title":"Karmic Relationships V","publisher":"Rudolf Steiner Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA239/English/RSP1966/19240405p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 239/1924-04-05/p014"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}],"witnesses":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"first_passage":1,"last_passage":26,"passage_count":26,"word_count":5468},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"first_passage":1,"last_passage":34,"passage_count":34,"word_count":5642,"completeness":{"ratio":1.03,"band":"comparable","note":null}}],"aligned_witness":{"status":"aligned","lang":"de","edition":"original","confidence":"high","passages":[{"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p007","passage_number":7,"text":"Und so war es bei Garibaldi besonders der Umstand, daß er seiner Gesinnung nach Republikaner war, durch und durch Republikaner war, aber in Italien mit aller Kraft seines Willens das Königreich unter Viktor Emanuel verwirklichte. Und eigentlich sieht man, wenn man nur die äußere Biographie Garibaldis ins Auge faßt, einen gründlichen Widerspruch zwischen dieser seiner innersten Gesinnung und demjenigen, was er getan hat. Auf der anderen Seite sieht man, wie er sich verbunden fühlte mit Männern wie Mazzini und Cavour, mit denen er in Gedanken durchaus nicht übereinstimmte, die ganz andere Gedankenrichtungen hatten. Da fällt einem dann auf, wie es merkwürdig ist, daß der im Jahre 1807 geborene Garibaldi seine Geburtszeit und seinen Geburtsort eigentlich in unmittelbarer Nähe der Geburtsorte dieser drei anderen Persönlichkeiten hat: des späteren Königs Viktor Emanuel, Cavours, des Staatsmannes, und des Philosophen Mazzini. Sie sind sozusagen in unmittelbarer Nähe voneinander geboren. Da wird man geführt darauf, zu suchen, wie das Karma solcher Persönlichkeiten zusammenhängt.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":158,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/239/1924-04-05/p007"},{"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p008","passage_number":8,"text":"Die andere Frage, auf die so etwas führt, ist diese — wahrhaftig eine tiefgehende Frage! Wir müssen ja immer darauf aufmerksam machen, wenn wir geisteswissenschaftliche Betrachtungen anstellen, wie es in alten Zeiten Eingeweihte, Initiierte, Besitzer und Eigentümer der Weltenschau im weitesten Sinne gegeben hat. Die Frage kann nun entstehen: Da ja auch diese Weisen der alten Zeiten sich wiederverkörpern müssen, wo sind sie dann in der neueren Zeit? Und mancher könnte fragen: Wo sind denn die großen Persönlichkeiten der alten Zeit, die als Initiierte gewirkt haben, in späteren Zeiten wirksam? Sehen Sie, sie sind wiedergekommen, diese großen Eingeweihten, aber Sie müssen bedenken, meine lieben Freunde, wie der Mensch, wenn er in irgendeinem Zeitalter erscheint, darauf angewiesen ist, den Körper zu benutzen, den ihm irgendein Zeitalter gibt. Die Körper der alten Zeiten waren gefügiger, waren für den Geist plastischer, biegsamer; und innerhalb des Erdenlebens braucht man den Körper, um dasjenige, was man in sich aufgenommen hat, bevor man heruntergestiegen ist in das Erdenleben, auch wirklich in Erdenoffenbarung und Erdentun umzusetzen. Und so müssen wir gerade bei einer solchen Rätselfrage bedenken —- und damit soll gar keine Kritik geübt werden -, wie ja die ganze Erziehung der ganzen neueren Zeit schon seit Jahrhunderten so ist, daß der menschliche Organismus so wird, daß in unserem Leben gar nicht zur Erscheinung kommen kann, was im Eingeweihten gelebt hat. Es muß vieles ganz in den Untergründen des Daseins bleiben. Und deshalb erscheinen manche Eingeweihte alter Zeiten als Persönlichkeiten, denen man dann mit den Begriffen, die man heute hat, gar nicht ansieht, daß sie einmal Eingeweihte gewesen sind, weil sie den Körper ihres Zeitalters benützen müssen.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":270,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/239/1924-04-05/p008"},{"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p009","passage_number":9,"text":"Gerade einen solchen Fall haben wir in Garibaldi vor uns. Wenn wir im europäischen Leben weit zurückgehen, so finden wir Mysterien und Eingeweihte der tiefsten Art im uralten Irland. Aber die irischen Mysterien haben sich bis in die christliche Zeit wirklich erhalten. Selbst noch heute ist in Irland viel geistiges Leben — nicht abstraktes, begriffliches, sondern wirkliches - geistig wirksam. So chaotisch sich das äußere Irland heute ausnimmt, es ist in Irland viel wirkliches geistiges Leben; aber das ist ja doch nur der letzte Rest desjenigen, was einst dagewesen ist. In Hybernia, in Irland waren tief eingreifende Mysterien, die noch in den ersten Jahrhunderten unter Aufnahme des Christentums bis nach Europa hineingewirkt haben. Und da findet sich dann ein Eingeweihter, der den Weg nahm von Irland ungefähr bis in die Gegend des heutigen Elsaß im achten bis neunten Jahrhundert nach der Begründung des Christentums. Dieser Eingeweihte hat viel getan dazumal, um unter Stürmen für das wirkliche Christentum zu wirken, für das ja Bonifatius sehr wenig gewirkt hat in Wirklichkeit. Und zu diesem Eingeweihten sind aus drei Weltgegenden drei Schüler gekommen, drei Schüler, die sich ihm anvertraut haben. Diese drei Schüler sind — der eine mehr, der andere weniger — weit gekommen. Aber es war gerade in den irischen Mysterien die strenge Regel, daß Schüler, die sich einem Eingeweihten anvertraut hatten, von ihm im künftigen Erdenleben nicht wieder verlassen werden, sondern daß von ihm etwas vollbracht wird im Erdenleben, was diese Schüler mit ihm zusammenhält, was ein Band begründet zwischen diesen Schülern und ihm. Der Eingeweihte, den ich meine, ist im neunzehnten Jahrhundert wiederum erschienen als Giuseppe Garibaldi, mit diesem visionären Willen, der eben in älteren Zeiten auf ganz andere Weise zur Offenbarung gekommen ist, sich ausleben konnte, als in einem Körper des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts, der eine ganz andere Erziehung als die des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts, eine sehr geringe Erziehung sogar, durchgemacht hat. Und die drei anderen, die ich erwähnt habe, waren die Schüler, die als Schüler aus drei verschiedenen Erdgegenden gekommen sind. Dasjenige aber, was als Gewalt gewirkt hat von einer Inkarnation in die andere, das wirkte tiefer als äußere Prinzipien. Gegenüber dem, was Mensch an Mensch kettet über die Inkarnationen hinweg, ist das eine Geringfügigkeit, wenn man sagt: Ich bin Republikaner, du bist Monarchist. - Man muß sich in diesen Dingen schon klar sein darüber, wie weit entfernt die irdische Maja, die große Illusion, der Schein des Daseins ist von der geistigen Wirklichkeit, die hinter den Erscheinungen des Daseins geistig impulsierend tätig ist. Und so konnte Garibaldi zum Beispiel Viktor Emanuel nicht verlassen, trotzdem er ganz anderer Gesinnung war als er. Gesinnungen gehören, wenn sie sich auf Äußeres beziehen und nicht auf Menschen, doch dem Zeitalter an, nicht der Individualität, die von Erdenleben zu Erdenleben geht.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":456,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/239/1924-04-05/p009"},{"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p010","passage_number":10,"text":"Ich möchte ein anderes Beispiel wählen, das mir auf eine merkwürdige Weise nahegetreten ist. Ich hatte einen Geometrielehrer, der mir außerordentlich wertvoll war. Vielleicht werden Sie aus meiner Lebensbeschreibung wissen, daß ja Geometrie überhaupt zu demjenigen gehört, dem ich im Leben am meisten an Anregungen verdanke. So wurde mir dieser Geometrielehrer auch besonders wertvoll. Aus dem, daß er ein ausgezeichneter Konstrukteur war, konnte zwar folgen, daß ich ihn sehr liebte, weil ich das Konstruieren liebte, und weil er, was er vorbrachte, mit einer wirklichen Unabhängigkeit und auch mit aller Einseitigkeit des geometrischen Denkens vorbrachte. Er war so einseitig aufs Geometrische hin geschult, daß er zum Beispiel kein Mathematiker war, sondern nur ein Geometriker. Darin war er genial, hatte aber keine Kenntnisse, keine wirklichen Kenntnisse in der Mathematik. Und er lebte gerade in einer Zeit, wo gerade alle Darstellende Geometrie, die sein Fach war, umgestaltet wurde. Er blieb beim alten. Das war ein charakteristischer Zug an ihm. Aber noch viel charakteristischer für den okkulten Forscher war ein anderes. Er hatte das, was man einen Klumpfuß nennt. Nun ist das Eigentümliche, daß, selbstverständlich nicht die physische Substanz, aber die Kraft, die in einer Inkarnation der Mensch in seinen Füßen trägt, die Art und Weise, wie er auftritt, wie er sich durch die Bewegung der Füße in Schuld oder in das Gute hineinstellt, sich metamorphosiert. Alles dasjenige, was mit den Füßen zusammenhängt, kann in einem nächsten Erdenleben in der Organisation des Kopfes sich ausleben, während dasjenige, was wir jetzt im Kopfe haben, gerade in der Organisation der Beine im nächsten Erdenleben sich ausleben kann. Diese Dinge metamorphosieren sich in eigentümlicher Art. Derjenige, der in diesen Dingen bewandert ist, kann in der Art und Weise, wie jemand auftritt, wie er die Zehen setzt, die Fersen setzt, sehen, wie das Denken in einer vorigen Inkarnation war. Und derjenige, der die Eigentümlichkeit der Gedanken eines Menschen verfolgt, ob einer schnell, flüchtig denkt oder gemessen, bedächtig denkt, wird oft dazu geführt, wirklich zu sehen, wie er in einer vorigen Inkarnation ging.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":334,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/239/1924-04-05/p010"},{"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p011","passage_number":11,"text":"Ein Mensch, der flüchtig denkt, hatte in der früheren Inkarnation solch einen Gang mit schnellen kleinen Schritten, der nur so hinzappelt über den Boden. Ein Mensch, der bedächtig denkt, hatte ein festes Auftreten. Und gerade solche scheinbar untergeordnete Kleinigkeiten des Lebens führen einen tiefer hinein, wenn man die tieferen geistigen, und nicht die äußerlichen, abstrakten Zusammenhänge sucht. Und so wurde ich denn, als ich mir immer wieder und wiederum das Bild des geliebten Lehrers vor die Seele stellte, geführt zu seiner früheren Inkarnation. Und da gesellte sich zu seinem Bilde ein anderes hinzu, auch eines Menschen mit einem Klumpfuß: Lord Byrons. Jetzt standen diese beiden Menschen vor mir. Und das Karma meines Lehrers hatte mich dazu geführt, wie auch die Eigentümlichkeit, die ich Ihnen dargelegt habe, darauf zu kommen, wie im zehnten oder elften Jahrhundert diese beiden Seelen in einer früheren Inkarnation gelebt haben weit im Osten Europas, dort eines Tages unter dem Einfluß einer bedeutsamen Sage standen, einer Legende, einer Prophezeiung, jener Legende, die da sagt, das Palladium, das mit einem gewissen Zauber die römische Macht eigentlich gehalten hat, sei aus dem alten Troja herübergebracht worden nach Rom und in Rom verborgen worden. Und als der Kaiser Konstantin das Römertum verpflanzen wollte hinüber nach Konstantinopel, hat er in außerordentlichem Gepränge das Palladium von Rom hinüberbringen lassen nach Konstantinopel und es unter einer Säule verbergen lassen, unter einer Säule, die er allerdings so ausgestaltet hat, daß sein ungeheurer Riesenhochmut dadurch zum Ausdruck kam. Er hat oben eine alte Apollostatue aufstellen lassen, die er aber so umändern ließ, daß sie ihn darstellte. Er hat sich Hölzer kommen lassen von dem Kreuz, auf dem der Christus gekreuzigt worden ist, und hat eine Art von Kranz von diesen Hölzern gewoben um das Haupt der Statue. Er hat geradezu Orgien des Hochmutes dabei gefeiert!","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":300,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/239/1924-04-05/p011"},{"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p012","passage_number":12,"text":"Dann aber bildete sich die prophetische Sage, daß einmal das Palladium von Konstantinopel weiter nach dem Norden hinübergetragen werden sollte, und daß einmal in einem Slawenreiche verkörpert sein sollte die Macht, die an dem Palladium hing. Diese beiden Menschen, von denen ich sprach, sie haben diese Prophezeiung gehört, und sie haben sich das Ziel vorgesetzt, nach Konstantinopel zu wandern und das Palladium nach Rußland zu bringen. Es ist ihnen nicht gelungen. Es blieb aber der Trieb namentlich bei einem, bei Byron. Das wandelte sich um in den Impuls, einzutreten für die Freiheit Griechenlands, der dann im neunzehnten Jahrhundert Byron fast an dieselbe Stelle führte, wo er das physische Palladium in einem früheren Erdenleben gesucht hat.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":115,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/239/1924-04-05/p012"},{"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p013","passage_number":13,"text":"Sehen Sie, es ist notwendig, daß man die Fäden findet, welche in frühere Zeiten zurückführen. So wurde ich bei einer anderen Gelegenheit geführt auf eine Persönlichkeit, die etwa im neunten Jahrhundert im Nordosten Frankreichs, des heutigen Frankreich, gelebt hat und eine Persönlichkeit war, die in der ersten Zeit ihres Lebens einen weiten Besitz an Landgütern hatte, die für die damalige Zeit eine reiche Persönlichkeit war, eine kriegerische Persönlichkeit zugleich, und im kleinen viele abenteuerliche Kriegszüge — nichts gerade Großes durchgemacht hat. Diese Persönlichkeit sammelte, als sie ein bestimmtes Lebensalter erreicht hatte, um sich Leute, welche nun einen Abenteurerzug mit ihr unternahmen, der unglücklich ausging, der eine große, eine riesige Enttäuschung für diese Persönlichkeit brachte, und ohne etwas zu erreichen, mußte diese Persönlichkeit wieder nach Hause zurückkehren. Aber wie es in damaliger Zeit in manchen Gegenden war: Während die Persönlichkeit abwesend war von Haus und Hof und Land und Leuten, hatte ein anderer sich dessen Haus und Hof und Land und Leute bemächtigt. Die Persönlichkeit fand einfach nicht mehr ihr Eigentum vor - es ist sonderbar, aber es ist geschehen und mußte in Zukunft als eine Art Helot, als Leibeigener dienen auf dem eigenen Herrenhofe. Da wurde in der Nacht gewöhnlich so manche Zusammenkunft mit benachbarten Leuten gehalten, und in einer ziemlich wüsten Weise wurden Kraftideen entwickelt, bei denen nichts weiter herauskommen konnte, als daß sie eben entwickelt wurden. Man möchte sagen, ein realdialektisches Spiel wurde mit diesen Kraftideen der Auflehnung gegen die Herren - fast wie im alten Römertum — getrieben. Diese Persönlichkeit kann einem schon interessant werden, die von Besitz und Eigentum und Befehlsgewohnheiten vertrieben wurde, die aber ungebeugt an Willen zum Aufrüttler wurde in der ganzen Gegend, namentlich gegen den, der sich des Eigentums bemächtigt hat. Und wiederum erschien im neunzehnten Jahrhundert diese Persönlichkeit und wurde innerlich, gedanklich, seelisch dasjenige, was werden konnte aus dieser früheren Inkarnation, wurde Karl Marx, der Sozialistenhäuptling. Und nun denken Sie, meine lieben Freunde, wie durchhellt die Weltgeschichte wird, wenn man sie in dieser Weise betrachten kann, wenn man tatsächlich die Seelen verfolgen kann von einer Epoche zur anderen; wie hinübergetragen wird das, was auf den Seelen liegt, von einer Epoche in die andere Epoche. Konkrete Zusammenhänge bekommt dadurch das geschichtliche Leben und Werden und Wesen der Menschheit.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":375,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/239/1924-04-05/p013"},{"locus":"GA 239/1924-04-05/p014","passage_number":14,"text":"Und jüngst konnte ich ja in Dornach aufmerksam machen auf einen anderen Zusammenhang, auf einen Zusammenhang, der mich veranlaßt hat, wiederholt während des Krieges, namentlich am Ende des Krieges, darauf aufmerksam zu machen, daß sich die Menschen nicht gar zu sehr blenden lassen sollen von einer gewissen Persönlichkeit der neueren Zeit. Ich habe schon in meinem Helsingforser Kurs 1913 aufmerksam gemacht auf die immerhin recht begrenzte Kapazität, um die es sich da handelt. Das alles geschah, weil mir der Zusammenhang klar war zwischen einem Nachfolger Mohammeds, Muawija, aus dem siebenten Jahrhundert, und Woodrow Wilson. Alles, was an Fatalismus dazumal lebte in dieser Persönlichkeit des Muawija, kam in diesem ja sonst ganz unerklärlichen Fatalismus, der nur ein Fatalismus des Willens sein wollte, zum Vorschein, im Fatalismus des Woodrow Wilson. Und man möchte sagen, wer suchen will nach einer Bekräftigung, nach einem Ursprung der bekannten vierzehn Punkte, der wird sie schon im Koran finden können. So sind die Zusammenhänge, meine lieben Freunde! Bei diesen Dingen darf nicht das geringste von Sympathie und Antipathie walten, bei diesen Dingen darf nichts von Kritik walten, da muß reinste Objektivität sein. Aber diese Objektivität führt eben dazu, von einem Punkte der Geschichte, wo eine Seele auftritt, zu einem anderen Punkte hinzuleiten. Und man darf schon sagen, wenn die Menschheit ein wenig hinaus sein wird über dasjenige, was heute noch aus der materialistischen Zeit da ist, dann wird man auf solche Dinge hinhören und hinschauen. Und dann wird man ganz anders sich fühlen innerhalb der modernen Zivilisation, weil man sie in ihren Zusammenhängen sehen wird; nicht nur nach solchen Dingen, die tot sind, sondern nach solchen Dingen, die lebendig sind. Darauf kommt es an. Das ganze geschichtliche Werden wird lebendig werden. Und der Mensch braucht, wenn er über den toten Punkt der Entwickelung, auf dem er jetzt steht, in seiner Zivilisation hinauskommen will, den lebendigen Geist und nicht den abstrakten, toten Geist der bloßen Ideen.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":318,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/239/1924-04-05/p014"}],"beads":[{"from":[7],"to":[7],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[8],"to":[8],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[9],"to":[9],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[10],"to":[10],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[11],"to":[11],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[12],"to":[12],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[13],"to":[13],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[14],"to":[14],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"}],"note":"Paired by the paragraph aligner; each language numbers its own paragraphs. A bead at either end of the span can carry text beyond it (the `from` numbers show what each bead covers)."}}