{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p037-p047","extent":"range","passage_number":37,"through":47,"paragraph_count":11,"first_locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p037","last_locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p047","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"title":"I. The Forming of Speech as Art","date":"1924-09-05","location":null,"alignment_confidence":"medium","alignment_reason":"beads:embedding","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Mary Adams","identified_edition":"APC1959","book_title":"Speech and Drama","publisher":"Anthroposophical Publishing Co.","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA282/English/APC1959/19240905d01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"other_renderings":{"loci":[{"locus":"GA 260a/1924-09-05_02","ga":"260a","lecture":"1924-09-05_02","kind":"reprint","relation":"the same text served under another volume (a reprint or another edition)"},{"locus":"GA 277d/1924-09-05","ga":"277d","lecture":"1924-09-05","kind":"reprint","relation":"the same text served under another volume (a reprint or another edition)"}],"note":"The same lecture is also served at the loci listed, each with how it relates to this one. They are ONE witness, not independent attestations: quote the rendering you fetched, and do not cite another as corroborating it. Wording differs between translations, so a quotation found in one need not occur in the other."},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.17,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":7611,"original_word_count":6493,"may_be_abridged":false},"site_heading":null,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p037-p047","json_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p037-p047.json","lecture_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05#p037","word_count":1077,"quote_safe":true,"passages":[{"passage_number":37,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p037","text":"The speech of primitive man was verily a wonderful thing. Apart from the fact that man felt instinctively obliged from the first to speak in rhythm and in measure, even to speak in assonance and alliteration—apart from this, in those early times, man *felt in speech* and *thought in speech*.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":50,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p037","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p039","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p039"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":164,"en_words":185,"ratio":1.13,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p039"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":38,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p038","text":"Looking first into his life of feeling, we find it was not like ours today. In comparison with it, our feelings tend to remain in the abstract. Primeval man, in the very moment of feeling, were it even a feeling of the most intimate kind, would at once express it in speech. He would not have found it possible, for instance, to have a tender feeling for a little child without being prompted in his soul to bring that feeling to expression in the form of his speech. Merely to say: ‘I love him tenderly’, would have had no meaning for him; what would have had meaning would have been to say perhaps: ‘I love this little child so very ei-ei-ei!’[5] There was always the need to permeate one's whole feeling with artistically formed speech.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":135,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p038","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p039","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p039"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":164,"en_words":185,"ratio":1.13,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p039"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":39,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p039","text":"Neither in those olden times did men have abstract thoughts as we do today. Abstract thoughts without speech were unknown. As soon as man thought something, the thought immediately became in him word and sentence. He spoke it inwardly. It is therefore not surprising that at the beginning of the Gospel of St. John we do not find it said: ‘In the beginning was the Thought’, but : ‘In the beginning was the Word’—the verbum, the Word. today we think within, thinking our abstract thoughts; primeval man spoke within, talked within.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":91,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p039","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p040","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p040"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p041","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p041"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":168,"en_words":146,"ratio":0.87,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p040","GA 282/1924-09-05/p041"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":40,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p040","text":"Such then was the character of primeval speech. It contained feeling within it, and thought. It was, so to say, the treasure-casket in man for feeling and thought. Thought has now shifted, it has slipped up more into the ego; speech has remained in the astral body; feeling has slid down into the ether body.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":55,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p040","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p040","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p040"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p041","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p041"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":168,"en_words":146,"ratio":0.87,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p040","GA 282/1924-09-05/p041"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":41,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p041","text":"The poetry of primeval times was one, was single; it expressed in speech what man could feel and think about things The original poetry was one. When, later on, speech threw back feeling inwards, into man's inner nature, that gave rise to the *lyric* mood of speech. The kind of poetry that has remained most of all like the primeval, the kind of poetry that, more than any other, is inherent in speech itself is the *epic*. It is, in fact, impossible to speak epic poetry without first reviving something of the original primal feeling in regard to speech. Finally, *drama* drives speech outwards and stands, in so far as Earth-man is concerned, in relation with the external world.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":119,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p041","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p042","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p042"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p043","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p043"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":159,"en_words":163,"ratio":1.03,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Mary Adams","identified_edition":"APC1959","book_title":"Speech and Drama","publisher":"Anthroposophical Publishing Co.","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA282/English/APC1959/19240905d01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p042","GA 282/1924-09-05/p043"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":42,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p042","text":"The artist who is taking part in drama, unless of course he is speaking a monologue, confronts another person. And this fact, that he is face to face with another person, enters into his speaking just as surely as what he experiences in himself.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":44,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p042","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p042","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p042"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p043","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p043"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":159,"en_words":163,"ratio":1.03,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Mary Adams","identified_edition":"APC1959","book_title":"Speech and Drama","publisher":"Anthroposophical Publishing Co.","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA282/English/APC1959/19240905d01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p042","GA 282/1924-09-05/p043"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":43,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p043","text":"The artist who has to speak a lyric is not confronting another person. He faces himself alone. His speech must accordingly be so formed that it may become the pure expression of his inner being. The lyric of today can therefore not be spoken in any other way than by letting even the consonants lean over a little in the direction of vowels. (We shall go into this in more detail later.) To speak lyrical poetry aright, you need to know that every consonant carries in it a vowel nuance. L, for example, carries in it an i (ee), which you can see for yourselves from the fact that in many languages where at some time in their development an I occurs in a certain word, in other forms of that word we find an i.[^4] As a matter of fact, all consonants have within them something of the quality of a vowel. And for speaking lyrics it is of the first importance that we should learn to perceive the vowel in each single consonant.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":175,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p043","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p044","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p044"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p045","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p045"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":272,"en_words":340,"ratio":1.25,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Mary Adams","identified_edition":"APC1959","book_title":"Speech and Drama","publisher":"Anthroposophical Publishing Co.","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA282/English/APC1959/19240905d01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p044","GA 282/1924-09-05/p045"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":44,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p044","text":"The epic requires a different feeling. (All that I am saying in this connection has reference to recitation or declamation before an audience.) The speaker must feel: When I come to a vowel, I am coming near to man himself; but directly I come to a consonant, it is things I am catching at, things that are outside. If the artist once has this feeling, then it will be possible for the epic to be truly present in his speaking. Epic has to do, not with man's inner life alone, but with the inner life and an imagined outer object. For the theme of the epic is not there; it is only imagined. If we are relating something, it must belong to the past, or in any case cannot be there in front of us; otherwise, there would be no occasion to relate it. The speaker of epic is thus concerned with the human being and the object or theme that exists only in thought.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":165,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p044","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p044","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p044"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p045","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p045"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":272,"en_words":340,"ratio":1.25,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p044","GA 282/1924-09-05/p045"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":45,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p045","text":"For the speaker of drama, the ‘object’ of his speaking is present in its full reality, the person he addresses is standing there in front of him.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":27,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p045","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p046","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p046"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":159,"en_words":243,"ratio":1.53,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Mary Adams","identified_edition":"APC1959","book_title":"Speech and Drama","publisher":"Anthroposophical Publishing Co.","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA282/English/APC1959/19240905d01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p046"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":46,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p046","text":"There then you have the distinguishing characteristics of lyric, epic and drama. They need to be well and carefully noted. I have already in past years spoken of them here and there from different points of view, and have sought to evolve a suitable terminology for distinguishing the different ways of speaking them. What I have given on those earlier occasions—I mean it to be experienced, I mean it to be *felt*. You must have a clear and accurate feeling for what each kind of poetry demands. Thus, you should feel that to speak lyrical poetry means to speak right out of one's inner being.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":105,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p046","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p046","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p046"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":159,"en_words":243,"ratio":1.53,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Mary Adams","identified_edition":"APC1959","book_title":"Speech and Drama","publisher":"Anthroposophical Publishing Co.","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA282/English/APC1959/19240905d01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p046"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":47,"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p047","text":"The inner being of man is here revealing itself. When man's soul within him is so powerfully affected that it ‘must out’—and this is how it is with the lyric—then what was, to begin with, mere feeling, passes over into a calling aloud; and we have, from the point of view of speech, declamation. One domain, then, of the art of speech is declamation, and it is especially adapted for lyrical poetry. The lyrical element is present of course in every form of poetry; while we are speaking epic or drama, we can often find ourselves in the situation of having to make the transition here and there to the lyrical.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":111,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/282/1924-09-05/p047","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1924-09-05","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p046","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p046"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","length_check":{"de_words":159,"en_words":243,"ratio":1.53,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Mary Adams","identified_edition":"APC1959","book_title":"Speech and Drama","publisher":"Anthroposophical Publishing Co.","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA282/English/APC1959/19240905d01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 282/1924-09-05/p046"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}],"witnesses":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"first_passage":1,"last_passage":79,"passage_count":79,"word_count":6493},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"first_passage":1,"last_passage":83,"passage_count":83,"word_count":7611,"completeness":{"ratio":1.17,"band":"comparable","note":null}}],"aligned_witness":{"status":"aligned","lang":"de","edition":"original","confidence":"medium","passages":[{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p039","passage_number":39,"text":"Diese Sprache war eigentlich etwas Wunderbares. Abgesehen davon, daß der Mensch von vornherein veranlaßt sich gesehen hat, im Rhythmus, im Takt zu sprechen, sogar in Assonanz und Alliteration zu sprechen, abgesehen davon war es in dieser Ursprache so, daß der Mensch in der Sprache fühlte und in der Sprache dachte. Das Gefühlsleben der Urmenschheit war so, daß man nicht solche abstrakten Gefühle hatte wie heute, sondern daß in dem Augenblick, wo man ein Gefühl hatte, und sei es auch das intimste Gefühl, man sogleich zu irgendeiner Sprachgestaltung kam. Man konnte in alten Zeiten nicht zärtliche Gefühle, sagen wir, für ein Kind entwickeln, ohne diese zärtlichen Gefühle durch den eigenen seelischen Impetus in der Sprache zu gestalten. Es würde keinen Sinn gehabt haben, von einem Kinde bloß zu sagen: Ich liebe das Kind zärtlich -, sondern es hätte vielleicht einen Sinn gehabt, wenn man gesagt hätte: Ich liebe das Kind so eiei-ei. - Es war immer das Bedürfnis, das ganze Gefühl zu durchdringen mit Sprachgestaltung.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":164,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p039"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p040","passage_number":40,"text":"Ebensowenig hatte man in alten Zeiten abstrakte Gedanken, wie wir sie heute haben. Abstrakte Gedanken ohne Sprache gab es in alten Zeiten nicht, sondern, wenn der Mensch etwas dachte, wurde es in ihm zum Worte und zum Satze. Er sprach innerlich. Daher ist es selbstverständlich, daß man im Beginne des Johannes-Evangeliums nicht sagte: Im Urbeginne war der Gedanke -, sondern: Im Urbeginne war das Wort - das Verbum. - Das Wort, weil man innerlich redete, und nicht abstrakt dachte wie heute. Man redete innerlich. Und es war die Ursprache so, daß sie Gefühle und Gedanken enthieit. Sie war gewissermaßen das Schatzkästlein in der menschlichen Wesenheit für Gefühl und Gedanke.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":109,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p040"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p041","passage_number":41,"text":"Nun ist der Gedanke mehr in das Ich hinaufgerutscht, die Sprache im astralischen Leib verblieben, und das Gefühl in den Ätherleib hinuntergerutscht, so daß wir sagen können (siehe Schema Seite 67): Mensch, innerlich; nach außen, wo das Ich mehr beteiligt ist; nach innen, noch mehr verinnerlicht, wo der Ätherleib beteiligt ist, also wo es ganz in das Innere hineingeht.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":59,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p041"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p042","passage_number":42,"text":"Die Urpoesie war eine Einheit, sie drückte in der Sprache Gefühl und Gedanke, die man über die Dinge haben konnte, aus. Die Urpoesie war eine Einheit. Dadurch, daß die Sprache nach dem Inneren des Menschen das Gefühl abgeladen hat, das nach dem Ätherleib rutscht, entsteht die lyrische Stimmung der Sprache. Dasjenige, dem die Urpoesie am ähnlichsten geblieben ist, das also auch am meisten in der Sprache selber liegt, das ohne etwas zu erneuern von dem Urgefühl gegenüber der Sprache gar nicht gepflegt werden kann, das ist die Epik, die unmittelbar aus dem astralischen Leibe kommt. Dasjenige aber, was die Sprache nach außen hin treibt, zum Ich hin, das mit der Außenwelt zunächst beim Erdenmenschen in Verbindung steht, das ist die Dramatik.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":121,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p042"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p043","passage_number":43,"text":"Der für die Dramatik tätige Künstler steht in der Regel, wenn er nicht monologisch spricht, einem anderen gegenüber. Und daß er dem anderen gegenübersteht, das gehört geradeso zu seinem Sprechen wie dasjenige, was er in sich selber erlebt.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":38,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p043"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p044","passage_number":44,"text":"Der Lyriker steht keinem anderen gegenüber. Er steht nur sich selbst gegenüber. Sein Sprechen muß so gestaltet werden, daß dieses Sprechen der reine Ausdruck des menschlichen Inneren wird. Die heutige Lyrik kann daher nicht anders gesprochen werden, als daß - wir werden das später alles deutlicher ausführen - selbst das Konsonantisieren etwas nach dem Vokalisieren hinüberneigt. Lyrik zu sprechen macht notwendig, daß man weiß, daß jeder Konsonant auch eine gewisse vokalische Nuance in sich trägt, zum Beispiel das **l** ein **i**, was Sie daran sehen können, daß in manchen Sprachen zu einer bestimmten Zeit eine **l**-Entwickelung in einem Worte stattfindet, in anderen Formen aber noch ein ; dasteht. So hat aber jeder Konsonant etwas Vokalisches in sich. Und für den Lyriker ist es vor allen Dingen notwendig, daß er das Vokalische eines jeden Konsonanten empfinden lernt.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":136,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p044"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p045","passage_number":45,"text":"Der Epiker muß vor allen Dingen ein Gefühl dafür entwickeln ich meine jetzt immer den Deklamator oder Rezitator, also denjenigen, der die Epik an das Publikum heranbringt -: Sobald du an den Vokal herankommst, kommst du an den Menschen heran; sobald du an den Konsonanten herankommst, schnappst du in die Dinge ein. Dadurch wird gerade die Epik möglich. Sie hat es nicht nur mit dem menschlichen Inneren zu tun, sondern mit diesem menschlichen Inneren und mit einem gedachten Äußeren. Denn dasjenige, wovon der Epiker erzählt, ist nicht da, sondern es wird nur gedacht. Es gehört der Vergangenheit an, oder es wird überhaupt von einer Sache nur erzählt, wenn sie nicht da ist, sonst ist keine Veranlassung, daß von einer Sache erzählt wird. Der Epiker also hat es mit dem Menschen und der gedachten Sache zu tun.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":136,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p045"},{"locus":"GA 282/1924-09-05/p046","passage_number":46,"text":"Der Dramatiker hat es mit dem wirklichen Objekte zu tun. Derjenige, an den er sich wendet, steht vor ihm. Das gibt auch die Unterschiede, die wir strenge beachten müssen. Es wird gefühlt werden müssen dasjenige, was ich schon, wenn ich von verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten aus da oder dort eine Anregung gegeben habe, nach einer gewissen Terminologie suchend, auch schon gesagt habe; es wird das tatsächlich genau durchfühlt werden müssen. So wird man durchfühlen müssen: lyrisch sprechen bedeutet, aus dem menschlichen Inneren heraus sprechen. Das Innere offenbart sich selbst. Wenn sein Inneres sich von ihm losringen will, wenn das Innere von irgend etwas so stark impulsiert ist, daß es aus sich heraus muß — und das ist bei der Lyrik der Fall -, dann geht das bloße Fühlen in das Rufen, clamare über, und dann entsteht, wenn es sich um das Sprechen handelt, die Deklamation. So daß ein Teil der Sprechkunst die Deklamation ist, die vorzugsweise auf das Lyrische hinzugehen hat.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":159,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/282/1924-09-05/p046"}],"beads":[{"from":[37,38],"to":[39],"confidence":"medium"},{"from":[39,40],"to":[40,41],"confidence":"medium"},{"from":[41,42],"to":[42,43],"confidence":"medium"},{"from":[43,44],"to":[44,45],"confidence":"medium"},{"from":[45,46,47],"to":[46],"confidence":"medium"}],"note":"Paired by the paragraph aligner; each language numbers its own paragraphs. A bead at either end of the span can carry text beyond it (the `from` numbers show what each bead covers)."}}