{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 302a/1920-09-16/p003-p005","extent":"range","passage_number":3,"through":5,"paragraph_count":3,"first_locus":"GA 302a/1920-09-16/p003","last_locus":"GA 302a/1920-09-16/p005","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"title":"II. The Three Fundamental Forces in Education","date":"1920-09-16","location":null,"alignment_confidence":"low","alignment_reason":"count_diverges","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"T. van Vliet, Paula Wehrle and Karla Kiniger","identified_edition":null,"book_title":"Meditatively Acquired Knowledge of Man","publisher":null,"publisher_inferred":false,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/MediMan/19200916p02.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line"},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.05,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":5562,"original_word_count":5304,"may_be_abridged":false},"site_heading":null,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/302a/1920-09-16/p003-p005","json_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/302a/1920-09-16/p003-p005.json","lecture_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/302a/1920-09-16#p003","word_count":963,"quote_safe":true,"passages":[{"passage_number":3,"locus":"GA 302a/1920-09-16/p003","text":"It is not possible, naturally, to educate or give instruction if in our education and instruction we are not able to sense inwardly the whole human being. For during the period of a child's development this whole man needs to be considered far more than later on. We know this whole man embraces the ego, the astral body, the etheric body and the physical body. These four members of our human nature are of course not subject to uniform development but unfold in quite different ways. We must distinguish accurately between the development of the physical and the etheric bodies and that of the astral body and ego. The outer signs of this differentiated development are furnished—as you know from the various hints I have given here or there—by the change of teeth and by that alteration in the human being which is announced by the change of voice accompanying sexual maturity in the male, appearing as clearly but in a different way in the female. The nature of this phenomenon in the female organism is fundamentally the same as in the man's change of voice, but it emerges in a broader way, not perceptible in a single organ only, as with the man, but spread more over the entire organism. You know that between the change of teeth and the change of voice or puberty lies the period of instruction with which we have to do preferably in elementary education. But the years that follow the change of voice (or what corresponds to it in the female organism) must also be given our close attention in education and teaching.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":270,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/302a/1920-09-16/p003","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"T. van Vliet, Paula Wehrle and Karla Kiniger","identified_edition":null,"book_title":"Meditatively Acquired Knowledge of Man","publisher":null,"publisher_inferred":false,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/MediMan/19200916p02.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line"},"entity_parity":{"status":"not_checkable","note":"No verified paragraph alignment covers this passage, so its names cannot be compared with the German."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":4,"locus":"GA 302a/1920-09-16/p004","text":"Let us call to mind what the change of teeth signifies. The change of teeth is the outer expression for the fact that in the child's organism up to then—that is, between birth and the second dentition—the physical and etheric bodies have been influenced strongly by the nerve-sense system, operating from above downward. The physical body and the etheric body are influenced most powerfully from the head until about the seventh year. These forces—particularly active through the years in which imitation plays such a major role—are concentrated so to speak in the head. And what happens formatively in the rest of the organism, in the trunk and limbs, takes place through rays proceeding from the head downward to the organism of trunk and limbs, to the physical and etheric bodies. What streams from the head into the whole of the physical and etheric bodies of the child, reaching the tips of his fingers and toes, this is soul activity, notwithstanding the fact that it proceeds from the physical body. It is the same soul activity that works in the soul later as intelligence and memory. It is only that later, after the change of teeth, the child's thinking begins to use his memories more consciously. The thorough modification of the child's soul life demonstrates that certain psychic forces, working earlier within the organism, are from his seventh year onward active in the child as forces of soul. The whole period up to the change of teeth, while the child is growing, is effected by the same forces that appear after the seventh year as forces of intelligence, as intellectual forces.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":270,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/302a/1920-09-16/p004","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"T. van Vliet, Paula Wehrle and Karla Kiniger","identified_edition":null,"book_title":"Meditatively Acquired Knowledge of Man","publisher":null,"publisher_inferred":false,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/MediMan/19200916p02.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line"},"entity_parity":{"status":"not_checkable","note":"No verified paragraph alignment covers this passage, so its names cannot be compared with the German."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":5,"locus":"GA 302a/1920-09-16/p005","text":"Here we have an interplay between soul and body that is quite real—by which the soul, on reaching the age of seven, emancipates itself from the body, is active no longer in the body but for itself. In the seventh year forces begin to be active, arising in the body anew as soul-forces, to work on and on into the next incarnation. Then it is that what streams upward from the body is thrust back, and conversely the forces shooting downward from the head are held in check. Thus during the time the teeth are changing, the most active of battles is taking place between forces striving downward from above and others springing upward from below. The change of teeth is the physical expression for this struggle between the two sets of forces—those that later appear in the child as his powers of understanding and intellect, and those that need to be used especially in drawing, painting and writing. We put all of these up-welling forces to use when we develop writing out of drawing, for what these forces really strive for is to pass over into sculptural activity, drawing, etc. These are the forces that have their termination at the change of teeth, having previously shaped the body of the child, the sculptural forces which we use later, when the second dentition is completed, to introduce the child to drawing and painting, etc. In the main these are forces planted in the child from the spiritual world in which the child's soul lived before conception. They are active first as bodily forces shaping the head and then from the seventh year onward as soul forces. Thus in the period after the seventh year we simply draw forth from the child for our authoritarian purposes, what the child had previously made unconscious use of in imitation, inasmuch as these forces had taken their course unconsciously within the body. If later on the child turns out to be a sculptor, a draughtsman or an architect (but a proper architect, one who works with forms), the reason is that such a man has the predisposition to retain in his organism somewhat more of the down-raying forces, to retain rather more of them in the head, so that later on these childhood forces are still raying downward. However, if they are not sustained, if with the change of teeth everything translates into the soul sphere, then we have children who have no talent for drawing, for the sculptural or for architecture—who could never become a sculptor.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":423,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/302a/1920-09-16/p005","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1920-09-16","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 302a/1920-09-16/p006","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/302a/1920-09-16/p006"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["reader"],"reader_german":["GA 302a/1920-09-16/p006"],"length_check":{"de_words":412,"en_words":423,"ratio":1.03,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"T. van Vliet, Paula Wehrle and Karla Kiniger","identified_edition":null,"book_title":"Meditatively Acquired Knowledge of Man","publisher":null,"publisher_inferred":false,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/MediMan/19200916p02.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line"},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 302a/1920-09-16/p006"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}],"witnesses":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"first_passage":1,"last_passage":31,"passage_count":31,"word_count":5304},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"first_passage":1,"last_passage":36,"passage_count":36,"word_count":5562,"completeness":{"ratio":1.05,"band":"comparable","note":null}}],"aligned_witness":{"status":"partly_aligned","lang":"de","edition":"original","confidence":"high","passages":[{"locus":"GA 302a/1920-09-16/p006","passage_number":6,"text":"Da haben Sie ein ganz reales Zusammenwirken zwischen Seele und Leib, indem sich die Seele mit dem 7. Jahre vom Leibe emanzipiert, nicht mehr im Leibe, sondern für sich wirkt. Da fangen mit dem 7. Jahre diejenigen Kräfte, die nun als Seelenkräfte im Leibe selbst neu entstehen, an wirksam zu werden — und sie wirken ja dann bis in die nächste Inkarnation hinein. Und dann wird zurückgestoßen dasjenige, was vom Leibe aus aufstrahlt, und aufgehalten werden andererseits die Kräfte, die vom Kopfe nach abwärts schießen. So daß in dieser Zeit, wenn die Zähne wechseln, der stärkste Kampf sich abspielt zwischen den Kräften, die von oben nach unten streben, und denjenigen, die von unten nach oben schießende Kräfte sind. Es ist der Zahnwechsel der physische Ausdruck dieses Kampfes jener beiden Kräftearten; jener Kräfte, die später beim Kinde zum Vorschein kommen als die Verstandes- und die intellektuellen Kräfte, und jener Kräfte, die besonders verwendet werden müssen im Zeichnen, Malen und Schreiben. Alle die Kräfte, die da heraufschießen, verwenden wir dann, wenn wir aus dem Zeichnen das Schreiben herausentwickeln; denn diese Kräfte wollen eigentlich übergehen in plastisches Gestalten, in Zeichnen und so weiter. Das sind die Kräfte, die im Zahnwechsel ihren Abschluß finden, die vorher den Körper des Kindes ausplastizierten, die Skulpturkräfte, und die wir verwenden später, wenn der Zahnwechsel vor sich gegangen ist, um das Kind zum Zeichnen, zum Malen und so weiter zu bringen. Es sind dies hauptsächlich diejenigen Kräfte, die in das Kind gelegt sind von der geistigen Welt aus, in denen die kindliche Seele gelebt hat vor der Empfängnis, in der geistigen Welt. Sie wirken zuerst kopfbildend als Körperkräfte und dann vom 7. Jahre ab als Seelenkräfte. So daß wir für die Zeit vom 7. Jahre ab für unsere autoritären Einflüsse einfach das beim Kinde herauskriegen, was das Kind vorher als Nachahmung unbewußt übte, indem diese Kräfte unbewußt in den Körper einschlugen. Wenn später aus dem Kinde ein Bildhauer, ein Zeichner oder ein Architekt wird, aber ein richtiger Architekt, der aus den Formen heraus arbeitet, so geschieht das aus dem Grunde, weil ein solcher Mensch die Anlage hat, in seinem Organismus etwas mehr zurückzubehalten von den Kräften, die in den Organismus hinunterstrahlen, etwas mehr zurückzubehalten im Kopfe, so daß auch später noch diese kindlichen Kräfte hinunterstrahlen. Wenn sie aber nicht aufgehalten werden, wenn mit dem Zahnwechsel alles ins Seelische übergeht, so bekommen wir Kinder, die dann keine Anlagen haben für Zeichnen, für Bildhauerisches oder für Architektur, die niemals Bildhauer werden können.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":412,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/302a/1920-09-16/p006"}],"beads":[{"from":[5],"to":[6],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified"}],"note":"Paired by the paragraph aligner; each language numbers its own paragraphs. A bead at either end of the span can carry text beyond it (the `from` numbers show what each bead covers).","uncovered":[3,4]}}