{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 324/1921-03-16/p018","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"Most errors and one-sidednesses are based an the application of very correct thinking in one field to the totality of human cognition. This makes it so difficult to take the assertions considered to be universally true. Arguments can be raised for the universal truth being applicable to specific areas, and arguments can also be raised for the opposite point of view. David Hume says: We observe the outer world and we arrange it in a lawful way through our own mental pictures. However, what we then have in our soul as law is not directly representative of something in the objective world. We cannot say that the outer world is always going to follow the course predicted by such a law. We can only say, according to David Hume, that until today we have been able to see the sun rise every morning. That is a statement that fits the facts. We can put these facts into the form of a general law. But in doing so we have no guarantee that we have anything other than a series of events that have happened in the past, of which we made a comprehensive mental picture. What is it really in us that brings about these lawful connections between the sense-perceptible occurrences? What kind of significance do these lawful connections have for the field which we are considering? Is David Hume correct when he says: It lies in the habit of our souls to gather together in a lawful manner the facts as they present themselves to us and, because we respond to this soul habit, we create for ourselves various natural laws? These natural laws are nothing else than what has been gathered together from individual facts through habit of our souls.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"Lecture I","site_heading":"Mathematical Knowledge and the Path to Spiritual Science","site_heading_note":"A heading the site wrote for this unit from a summary of it; not in the edition, and not the words of Rudolf Steiner or of the translator. Cite the unit by its title and locus, never by this heading, and do not quote it.","date":"1921-03-16","location":null,"word_count":292,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/324/1921-03-16/p018","alignment_confidence":"low","alignment_reason":"count_diverges","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Walter Stuber and Mark Gardner","identified_edition":"MP1991","book_title":"Anthroposophy and Science","publisher":"Mercury Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA324/English/MP1991/19210316p01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","edition_basis":null,"is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/324/1921-03-16/p018"},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/324/1921-03-16/p018","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1921-03-16","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 324/1921-03-16/p014","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/324/1921-03-16/p014"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["reader"],"reader_german":["GA 324/1921-03-16/p014"],"length_check":{"de_words":325,"en_words":292,"ratio":0.9,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 324/1921-03-16/p014","passage_number":14,"text":"Darauf beruhen überhaupt die meisten Irrtümer und Einseitigkeiten wissenschaftlicher Denkweise, daß man dasjenige, was auf einem Gebiete ganz berechtigt ist, dann für das Universelle der menschlichen Erkenntnis anwendet. Es ist deshalb so schwierig manchmal, dasjenige, was ja doch dem Universellen gegenüber irrtümlich ist, zu widerlegen, weil es — lassen Sie mich das Paradoxon aussprechen — kaum irgendeinen für das Universelle als Irrtum zu bezeichnenden Satz gibt, der nicht im Speziellen da oder dort seine Berechtigung haben würde, so daß man im Speziellen als solchem durchaus seine guten Gründe für etwas aufbringen kann, das bekämpft werden muß, wenn dafür der Anspruch erhoben wird, daß es universelle Geltung haben soll. $o ist es, wenn David Hume sagt: Wir beobachten die äußere Welt, wir gliedern sie durch unsere Vorstellungen in gesetzmäßiger Weise. Dasjenige aber, was wir dann als Gesetz in unserer Seele anwesend haben, das ist durchaus nicht irgendwie so, daß wir von ihm ohne weiteres sagen können, es entspreche etwas Objektivem in der äußeren Welt, oder es müßte die äußere Welt in ihren Tatsachen immer so verlaufen, wie ein solches Gesetz es besagt. Man könne, meint David Hume, ja eigentlich nur sagen, bis jetzt habe man an jedem Morgen die Sonne aufgehen sehen. Das ist ein Erfahrungssatz. Man kann alle diese Tatsachen gleicher Art, die sich einem da dargeboten haben, in einem allgemeinen Gesetze aussprechen, aber nichts bürgt dafür, daß man etwas anderes eben hat, als eine Reihe erfahrener Tatsachen in einer Vorstellung zusammengefaßt. — Was ist es denn eigentlich in uns, was aus den sinnlich beobachteten Tatsachen gesetzmäßige Zusammenhänge bildet, und welche Bedeutung haben diese gesetzmäßigen Zusammenhänge für das eben bezeichnete Gebiet? Wird David Hume wohl recht haben, wenn er sagt: Es liegt in unserer Seelengewohnheit, die Tatsachen, die sich uns darbieten, gesetzmäßig zusammenzufassen, und weil wir dieser Seelengewohnheit entsprechen, bilden wir uns gewisse Naturgesetze aus. Diese Naturgesetze sind aber eben nichts anderes als dasjenige, was durch unsere Seelengewohnheiten aus den einzelnen Tatsachen zusammengefaßt worden ist.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":325,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/324/1921-03-16/p014"}],"english":["GA 324/1921-03-16/p018"],"method":"reader","confidence":"high","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":325,"en_words":292,"ratio":0.9,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["reader"],"reader_german":["GA 324/1921-03-16/p014"]},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":0.89,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":5618,"original_word_count":6316,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Walter Stuber and Mark Gardner","identified_edition":"MP1991","book_title":"Anthroposophy and Science","publisher":"Mercury Press","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA324/English/MP1991/19210316p01.html","evidence":"lecture_list_row","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 324/1921-03-16/p014"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}