Appendix

In a treatise by Eduard von Hartmann entitled The Ultimate Problems of Epistemology and Metaphysics,[^1] my Philosophy of Freedom has been classed with the philosophical tendency which would base itself upon an “epistemological monism”. Eduard von Hartmann rejects such a position as untenable. This is explained as follows. According to the way of thinking expressed in his treatise, there are only three possible positions in the theory of knowledge.