I. The Conscious Human Deed

GA 4/l01/p035 · RSPI1963 LowLow alignmentMost translators re-paragraphed Steiner substantially. The locus identifies the same chapter or section, but paragraph-N to paragraph-N mapping is loose. For exact-quotation precision, compare with the German.
This passage is not Rudolf Steiner — the editor. This passage is an editor's footnote or endnote ([^n]: marker), NOT lecture text. Any Steiner words inside it are the editor's report of a variant or shorthand and must not be quoted as the lecture.

[^2]: Herbert Spencer, The Principles of Psychology, Part IV, Chapter ix, par. 219. Rudolf Steiner consulted the German edition, translated by Dr. B. Vetter and published at Stuttgart, 1882. Spencer, born 1820, an engineer by training, sought to explain “the phenomena of life, mind, and society in terms of matter, motion, and force.” At first strongly influenced by Coleridge, Spencer placed evolution as the first and most universal principle, influencing all the sciences. To him, evolution was synonymous with progress. In his later development, Spencer championed rugged individualism, and became an outspoken opponent of socialism, upholding what he considered the absolute rights of private enterprise against any form of governmental control. Before his death in 1903, Spencer's optimistic view of human progress collapsed, and he fell prey to marked pessimism regarding the future of mankind.

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Cite: GA 4/l01/p035 · edition RSPI1963 (Steiner 1918 revised edition)