{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 5/l02/p002-p004","extent":"range","passage_number":2,"through":4,"paragraph_count":3,"first_locus":"GA 5/l02/p002","last_locus":"GA 5/l02/p004","lang":"en","edition":"RSPI1960","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"title":"Part II. The Psychology of Friedrich Nietzsche as a Psychopathological Problem","date":null,"location":null,"alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:length","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":null,"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["RSPI1960"]},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":0.46,"band":"severe","note":"This witness holds under half the original's words. Whole passages are almost certainly missing. A phrase absent here is NOT evidence it is absent from the original; search the original language.","word_count":6395,"original_word_count":13965,"may_be_abridged":true},"site_heading":null,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/5/l02/p002-p004","json_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/5/l02/p002-p004.json","lecture_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/5/l02#p002","word_count":736,"quote_safe":true,"passages":[{"passage_number":2,"locus":"GA 5/l02/p002","text":"These lines have not been written to add to the statements of the opponents of Friedrich Nietzsche, but with the intention to offer a contribution to the understanding of this man from a point of view which, no doubt, comes into consideration in passing judgment on his strange ways of thought. The thorough student of the world conception of Friedrich Nietzsche will come upon innumerable problems which can only be clarified through psychopathology. On the other hand, it should be of the greatest importance for psychiatry for students to occupy themselves with an important personality who has had an immeasurably great influence upon the culture of the age. In addition, this influence has an essentially different character from the effects philosophers usually have upon their pupils. For Nietzsche does not work upon his contemporaries through the logical power of his arguments on the contrary, the wide dissemination of his concepts is to be traced to the same reasons which make it possible for zealots and fanatics to play their role in the world at all times.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":176,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/5/l02/p002","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"l04","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 5/l04/p001","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/5/l04/p001"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["length","reader"],"reader_german":["GA 5/l04/p001"],"length_check":{"de_words":152,"en_words":186,"ratio":1.22,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"status":"unknown","warning":"No translator is recorded for this edition. An unattributed translation cannot be weighed as a witness: you cannot tell which hand made the choices in it. Cite the German for anything load-bearing."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 5/l04/p001"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":3,"locus":"GA 5/l02/p003","text":"A full clarification of the state of Friedrich Nietzsche's mind from the psychiatric point of view is not to be given here. Such an explanation is not possible today because a complete and true clinical picture of his sickness does not yet exist. Everything that has been presented concerning the history of his sickness, has the character of something fragmentary and contradictory. But the observation of Nietzsche's philosophy under the eye of psychopathology is entirely possible today. The real work of the psychiatrist would perhaps begin exactly where that of the psychologist, which is presented here, ceases. But this work is absolutely necessary for the complete solution of “the problem of Nietzsche.” Only on the basis of such a psychopathological symptomatology will the psychiatrist be able to accomplish his task.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":130,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/5/l02/p003","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"l04","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 5/l04/p002","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/5/l04/p002"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false,"length_check":{"de_words":120,"en_words":130,"ratio":1.08,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"status":"unknown","warning":"No translator is recorded for this edition. An unattributed translation cannot be weighed as a witness: you cannot tell which hand made the choices in it. Cite the German for anything load-bearing."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 5/l04/p002"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":4,"locus":"GA 5/l02/p004","text":"One quality which penetrates the entire creative activity of Nietzsche is the lack of a sense of objective truth. What science strove after as truth was fundamentally nonexistent for him. During the period shortly before his complete collapse into insanity, this lack increased to a formidable hatred of everything called logical reasoning. “Honest things, like honest people, do not carry their reasons in their hand. It is indecent to show all five fingers. What has to be proved first is worth little,” he says in 1888, shortly before the *Götzendämmerung*, Twilight of Idols, was written, just before his illness (Volume VIII of the complete German edition of Nietzsche's Works, p. 71). Because he lacked this sense of truth, he never fought through the battle which so many have to experience when, in their development they are forced to give up an acquired opinion. At his confirmation, when he was 17, he was completely a believer in God. Indeed, over three years later, as he left the Gymnasium in Schulpforta, he wrote, “To Him to Whom I owe most, I bring the first fruits of my gratitude. What more can I sacrifice to Him than the warm feelings of my heart, which perceives His love more actively than ever: His love, which has allowed me to experience this most beautiful hour of my existence? May He, the true God, guard me henceforth!” (E. Foerster-Nietzsche, *Das Leben Friedrich Nietzsches*, The Life of Friedrich Nietzsche, Vol. I, p. 194). Within a short time, a complete atheist developed out of this faithful believer in God, without an inner struggle. In his memoirs which he sketched in 1888, under the title *Ecce Homo*, he speaks about his inner struggles. “Religious difficulties,” he says, “I do not know from experience ... God, immortality of the soul, salvation, life beyond, are pure concepts to which I have paid no attention, to which I have devoted no time, not even as a child; was I, perhaps, never sufficiently child-like for this? I absolutely do not know atheism as a result, still less as an event; it is understood by me only as instinct.” (M. G. Conrad, *Ketzerblut*, p. 182) It is indicative of Nietzsche's spiritual constitution that he asserts here that even as a child he had not given attention to the religious imaginations or ideas he mentions. From his biography which his sister has given us, we know that his classmates called him “the little pastor” because of his religious expressions. All this shows that he had overcome the religious convictions of his youth with greatest ease.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":430,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/5/l02/p004","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"l04","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 5/l04/p003","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/5/l04/p003"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false,"length_check":{"de_words":371,"en_words":430,"ratio":1.16,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"status":"unknown","warning":"No translator is recorded for this edition. An unattributed translation cannot be weighed as a witness: you cannot tell which hand made the choices in it. Cite the German for anything load-bearing."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 5/l04/p003"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}],"witnesses":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"first_passage":1,"last_passage":118,"passage_count":118,"word_count":13965},{"lang":"en","edition":"RSPI1960","is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"first_passage":1,"last_passage":25,"passage_count":25,"word_count":6395,"completeness":{"ratio":0.46,"band":"severe","note":"This witness holds under half the original's words. Whole passages are almost certainly missing. A phrase absent here is NOT evidence it is absent from the original; search the original language."}}],"aligned_witness":{"status":"aligned","lang":"de","edition":"original","confidence":"high","passages":[{"locus":"GA 5/l04/p001","passage_number":1,"text":"Nicht um die Behauptungen der Gegner Friedrich Nietzsches zu vermehren, ist das Folgende geschrieben, sondern in der Absicht, einen Beitrag zur Erkenntnis dieses Mannes von einem Gesichtspunkte aus zu liefern, der zweifellos bei der Beurteilung seiner merkwürdigen Gedankengänge in Betracht kommt. Wer sich in die Weltanschauung Friedrich Nietzsches vertieft, wird auf zahlreiche Probleme stoßen, die nur vom Standpunkte der Psycho-Pathologie einer Aufhellung fähig sind. Andererseits dürfte es gerade für die Psychiatrie von Wichtigkeit sein, sich mit einer bedeutenden Persönlichkeit zu beschäftigen, die einen unermesslich großen Einfluss auf die Zeitkultur gewonnen hat. Auch trägt dieser Einfluss ein wesentlich anderes Gepräge als die Wirkungen, die sonst von Philosophen auf ihre Schüler ausgegangen sind. Denn Nietzsche wirkt auf seine Zeitgenossen nicht durch die logische Kraft seiner Argumente. Die Ausbreitung seiner Anschauungen ist vielmehr auf dieselben Gründe zurückzuführen, die es Schwärmern und Fanatikern aller Zeiten möglich machen, ihre Rollen in der Welt zu spielen. II. III.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":152,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/5/l04/p001"},{"locus":"GA 5/l04/p002","passage_number":2,"text":"Was hier geboten werden soll, ist nicht etwa eine vollständige Erklärung des Geisteszustandes Friedrich Nietzsches vom psychiatrischen Gesichtspunkt aus. Eine solche Erklärung ist heute noch nicht möglich, weil ein vollständiges und treues klinisches Krankheitsbild noch nicht vorliegt. Alles, was von seiner Krankheitsgeschichte bisher in die Öffentlichkeit gedrungen ist, trägt den Charakter des Lückenhaften und Widerspruchsvollen. Was aber heute durchaus möglich ist, das ist die Betrachtung der Philosophie Nietzsches unter dem Gesichtswinkel der Psycho-Pathologie. Die eigentliche Arbeit des Psychiaters wird vielleicht gerade da einsetzen, wo diejenige des Psychologen, die hier geliefert werden soll, aufhört. Diese Arbeit ist aber zu der vollkommenen Lösung des \"Problems Nietzsche\" durchaus notwendig. Nur auf Grund einer solchen psycho-pathologischen Symptomatologie wird der Psychiater seine Aufgabe lösen können.[^1]","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":120,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/5/l04/p002"},{"locus":"GA 5/l04/p003","passage_number":3,"text":"Eine Eigenschaft, die sich durch Nietzsches ganzes Wirken hindurchzieht, ist der Mangel des Sinnes für objektive Wahrheit. Was die Wissenschaft als Wahrheit anstrebt, das war für ihn im Grunde nie vorhanden. In der Zeit, die kurz vor dem Ausbruche des völligen Wahnsinnes liegt, steigerte sich dieser Mangel zu einem förmlichen Hass auf alles, was man logische Begründung nennt. «Honette Dinge tragen wie honette Menschen ihre Gründe nicht so in der Hand. Es ist unanständig, alle fünf Finger zu zeigen. Was sich erst beweisen lassen muss, ist wenig wert», sagt er in der 1888, kurz vor der Erkrankung geschriebenen «Götzen-Dämmerung» (Band VIII der Gesamtausgabe, 5.7'). Weil ihm dieser Wahrheitssinn fehlte, hat er nie den Kampf durchgemacht, den so viele durchzumachen haben, die durch ihre Entwicklung zum Aufgeben anerzogener Meinungen gezwungen sind. Als er mit siebzehn Jahren konfirmiert wird, ist er vollkommen gottgläubig. Ja, noch drei Jahre später, als er das Gymnasium in Schulpforta verlässt, schreibt er: «Ihm, dem ich das Meiste verdanke, bringe ich die Erstlinge meines Dankes; was kann ich ihm anderes opfern als die warme Empfindung meines Herzens, das lebhafter als je seine Liebe wahrnimmt, seine Liebe, die mich diese schönste Stunde meines Daseins erleben ließ? Behüte er mich auch fernerhin, der treue Gott!» (E. Förster-Nietzsche: «Das Leben Friedrich Nietzsches», I. S. 194.) In kurzer Zeit wird aus dem Gottgläubigen ein vollkommener Atheist, ohne inneren Kampf. In den Lebenserinnerungen, die er 1888 unter dem Titel «Ecce homo» aufzeichnet, spricht er von seinen inneren Kämpfen. « *Religiöse* Schwierigkeiten», sagt er da, «kenne ich nicht aus Erfahrung...» «‹Gott›, ‹Unsterblichkeit der Seele›, ‹Erlösung›, ‹Jenseits›, lauter Begriffe, denen ich keine Aufmerksamkeit, auch keine Zeit geschenkt habe, selbst als Kind nicht,— ich war vielleicht nie kindlich genug dazu? — Ich kenne den Atheismus durchaus nicht als Ergebnis, noch weniger als Ereignis: er versteht sich bei mir aus Instinkt.» (M. G. Conrad: «Ketzerblut», S. 182.) Es ist bezeichnend für Nietzsches Geisteskonstitution, dass er hier behauptet, er habe selbst als Kind den angeführten religiösen Vorstellungen keine Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt. Aus der Biographie, die seine Schwester geliefert hat, wissen wir, dass ihn seine Klassenkameraden wegen seiner religiösen Äußerungen den «kleinen Pastor» genannt haben. Aus alledem geht hervor, dass er die religiösen Überzeugungen seiner Jugend mit großer Leichtigkeit überwunden hat.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":371,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/5/l04/p003"}],"beads":[{"from":[1,2],"to":[1],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[3],"to":[2],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[4],"to":[3],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"}],"note":"Paired by the paragraph aligner; each language numbers its own paragraphs. A bead at either end of the span can carry text beyond it (the `from` numbers show what each bead covers)."}}