{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 5/l02/p023","lang":"en","edition":"RSPI1960","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"The genius of Friedrich Nietzsche is not to be explained from his sick constitution; Nietzsche was a genius *in spite of the fact* that he was ill. It is one thing to explain genius itself as a condition of a sick spirit, still another to understand the entire personality of a man of genius in relation to the morbid in his being. One can be a follower of Nietzsche's ideas and yet be of the opinion that the way Nietzsche discovers these ideas, brings them together, evaluates them, and presents them, is to be understood only through psychopathological concepts. One can admire his beautiful, great character, the strange Physiognomy of his thinking, and yet admit that morbid factors enter into this character, into this physiognomy. The problem of Nietzsche is of particularly great interest, for the reason that a man of talent struggled for years with morbid elements, and because he was able to bring forth great ideas in a connection which is explainable through psychopathology alone. The expression of genius, not the genius itself, is to be explained in this way. Medicine will have much of importance to contribute to the understanding of the spiritual picture of Nietzsche. A light will also fall on the psychopathology of the masses when Nietzsche's spiritual nature is first understood. Of course, it is clear that it is not the *content* of Nietzsche's teachings that has brought him so many followers, but frequently the effect of his teaching is based precisely upon the unsound, unhealthy way he has presented his ideas. Nietzsche's ideas, first of all, were not a means whereby he understood the world and humanity, but rather a psychic discharge through which he wished to intoxicate himself; this is also true in many of his followers. Let us see how he himself describes the relationship of his ideas and his feelings, in his *Fröhliche Wissenschaft*, Joyous Wisdom. “Joyous Wisdom means the Saturnalia of a spirit who has patiently, strongly, coldly withstood frightful, long pressure, without being subservient, but without hope, and who is suddenly attacked by hope, the hope for health, the *intoxication* of convalescence. It is no wonder that much foolishness and nonsense comes to light thereby; that much arbitrary tenderness is wasted even upon problems which have a prickly hide and are no adapted to fondling and teasing. The entire book is really nothing but joyfulness after long denial and impotence; the rejoicing in a returning power, in a newly awakened faith ...” (Nietzsche's Works, Volume V, p. 3). It is not a question of truth in this book, but the discovery of thoughts which a sick spirit could find to be a healing remedy, a means of diversion for himself.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"Part II. The Psychology of Friedrich Nietzsche as a Psychopathological Problem","site_heading":null,"date":null,"location":null,"word_count":452,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/5/l02/p023","alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:length","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":null,"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["RSPI1960"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","edition_basis":null,"is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/5/l04/p023","locus":"GA 5/l04/p023","anchor_mapped":true,"anchor_method":"curated","anchor_confidence":"high"},{"lang":"en","edition":"RSPI1960","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/5/l02/p023","paragraph_aligned":true}],"german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"l04","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 5/l04/p021","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/5/l04/p021"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false,"length_check":{"de_words":411,"en_words":452,"ratio":1.1,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 5/l04/p021","passage_number":21,"text":"Nicht die Genialität Friedrich Nietzsches soll aus seiner kranken Konstitution erklärt werden. Nietzsche war Genie, *trotzdem* er krank war. Ein anderes ist es, die Genialität selbst als krankhaften Geisteszustand erklären; ein anderes die Gesamtpersönlichkeit eines Menschen von Genie unter Berücksichtigung des Morbiden in seinem Wesen begreifen. Man kann ein Anhänger der Ideen Nietzsches sein und doch der Meinung, dass die Art, wie er diese Ideen findet, miteinander verbindet, wie er sie bewertet und vertritt, nur durch psycho-pathologische Begriffe zu verstehen ist. Man kann seinen schönen, großen Charakter, seine merkwürdige Denkerphysiognomie bewundern und doch zugeben, dass in diesen Charakter, in diese Physiognomie morbide Faktoren eingreifen. Das Problem Nietzsche hat gerade dadurch sein großes Interesse, weil ein genialer Mensch Jahre hindurch mit morbiden Elementen kämpft, weil er große Gedanken nur in einem Zusammenhange vorzubringen vermag, der durch die Psycho-Pathologie erklärbar wird. Nicht das Genie selbst, nur die Äußerungsform des Genies soll auf diesem Wege erklärt werden. Die Medizin wird mit ihren Mitteln wichtiges beizutragen haben zur Erklärung des Geistesbildes Nietzsches. Auch auf die Psycho-Pathologie der Massen wird ein Licht fallen, wenn erst die Geistesart Nietzsches selbst verstanden wird. Es ist ja klar, dass nicht der *Inhalt* von Nietzsches Lehre dieser so viele Anhänger zugetragen hat, sondern dass ihre Wirkung vielfach gerade auf der ungesunden Art beruht, wie Nietzsche seine Ideen vertreten hat. Wie ihm seine Gedanken zumeist nicht ein Mittel waren, die Welt und den Menschen zu begreifen, sondern psychische Entladungen, durch die er sich berauschen wollte, so ist das auch bei vielen seiner Anhänger der Fall. Man sehe, wie er selbst das Verhältnis der in seiner «Fröhlichen Wissenschaft» zusammengestellten Gedanken zu seiner Empfindung schildert.«9 Fröhliche Wissenschaft:: das bedeutet die Saturnalien eines Geistes, der einem furchtbaren langen Drucke geduldig widerstanden hat -geduldig, streng, kalt, ohne sich zu unterwerfen, aber ohne Hoffnung -, und der jetzt mit einem Male von der Hoffnung angefallen wird, von der Hoffnung auf Gesundheit, von der *Trunkenheit* der Genesung. Was Wunder, dass dabei viel Unvernünftiges und Närrisches ans Licht kommt, viel mutwillige Zärtlichkeit, selbst auf Probleme verschwendet, die ein stachliches Fell haben und nicht danach angetan sind, geliebkost und gelockt zu werden. Dies ganze Buch ist eben nichts als eine Lustbarkeit nach langer Entbehrung und Ohnmacht, das Frohlocken der wiederkehrenden Kraft, des neu erwachten Glaubens ...» (Nietzsches Werke, Band V, S. 3f) Nicht um Wahrheit handelt es sich in diesem Buche, sondern um Auffindung von Gedanken, an denen ein kranker Geist ein Heilmittel für sich, ein Erheiterungsmittel haben kann.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":411,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/5/l04/p021"}],"english":["GA 5/l02/p023"],"method":"length","confidence":"high","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":411,"en_words":452,"ratio":1.1,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":0.46,"band":"severe","note":"This witness holds under half the original's words. Whole passages are almost certainly missing. A phrase absent here is NOT evidence it is absent from the original; search the original language.","word_count":6395,"original_word_count":13965,"may_be_abridged":true},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"status":"unknown","warning":"No translator is recorded for this edition. An unattributed translation cannot be weighed as a witness: you cannot tell which hand made the choices in it. Cite the German for anything load-bearing."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 5/l04/p021"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. 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