{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 65/1916-04-13/p050-p052","extent":"range","passage_number":50,"through":52,"paragraph_count":3,"first_locus":"GA 65/1916-04-13/p050","last_locus":"GA 65/1916-04-13/p052","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"title":"14. The Development of the German Soul","date":"1916-04-13","location":null,"alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:identity","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2024","book_title":"From Central European Intellectual Life","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA065/English/SOL2024/19160413p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.06,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":12620,"original_word_count":11914,"may_be_abridged":false},"site_heading":null,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/65/1916-04-13/p050-p052","json_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/65/1916-04-13/p050-p052.json","lecture_url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/65/1916-04-13#p050","word_count":756,"quote_safe":true,"passages":[{"passage_number":50,"locus":"GA 65/1916-04-13/p050","text":"We hear words about German freedom from a German, from Professor Troeltsch. Of course I do not want to take his point of view, but I am characterizing the peculiarities of the German soul. With truly German thoroughness, but also with German acumen, he sets about showing how freedom is shaded according to the Italian, the English, and the French national character. He conscientiously accounts for how the idea of freedom is conceived among these nations. And then he attempts to characterize the concept of freedom that the German people have, a concept of freedom of which Herman Grimm himself also spoke, more beautifully than Troeltsch, but in almost similar words: “It was reserved for the German people to recognize as the character of the human being in the idea that freedom which unites the full development of human individuality and personality with harmonious cooperation in the totality.” When such people characterize freedom in such a way that man works in freedom, it is always meant that what can flow from his soul as freedom is integrated into spiritual life. And especially before the middle of the last century, no German could have spoken of freedom without characterizing this freedom from the depths of spiritual life. It was only after the English influences in the second half of the nineteenth century that Germans also more or less abandoned this. But little by little they are coming back to it. And the essay continues: “If one wants to formulate a formula for German unity, one could say: organized national unity based on a dutiful and at the same time critical devotion of the individual to the whole, supplemented and corrected by the independence and individuality of free spiritual education.” — At least one idea of freedom, albeit perhaps one that could be called pedantic, but one shaped out of the abundance of spiritual understanding, an answer from the spirit to the question: What is freedom?","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":324,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/65/1916-04-13/p050","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2024","book_title":"From Central European Intellectual Life","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA065/English/SOL2024/19160413p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 65/1916-04-13/p050"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":51,"locus":"GA 65/1916-04-13/p051","text":"I will read to you an answer to the question, “What is freedom?” from the other book. For when considering the soul of a nation, it is not merely a matter of looking at the content. Someone may say, “Yes, the one from whom I am now reading sees something quite different from the other.” But that is not the point when considering the souls of nations. The souls of the people are unconsciously driven into the current in which they drift. And the fact that one person has this effect, the other that, one these ideas, the other those ideas, one these images, the other those images, even if they are both correct, is not the point when one wants to characterize the souls of the people in this unconscious work.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":132,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/65/1916-04-13/p051","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2024","book_title":"From Central European Intellectual Life","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA065/English/SOL2024/19160413p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 65/1916-04-13/p051"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":52,"locus":"GA 65/1916-04-13/p052","text":"“What is freedom?” says the other. “The image that comes to my mind is a large, powerful machine. If I put the parts together so awkwardly and clumsily that when one part wants to move, it is hindered by the others, then the whole machine bends and comes to a standstill. The freedom of the individual parts” - note: the freedom of the parts of the machine! - ‘would consist in the best adaptation and composition of all.’ - To characterize human freedom, he says all this! ‘If the large piston of a machine is to run perfectly freely, it must be precisely adapted to the other parts of the machine. Then it is free...’ -— So, to know how man becomes free, one examines the machine! “... then it is free, not because it is isolated and left to its own devices, but because it has been carefully and skillfully integrated into the rest of the large structure. What is freedom? We say that a locomotive runs freely. What do we mean by that? We mean that the individual components are put together and fitted into each other in such a way that friction is kept to a minimum. We say of a ship that she cuts easily through the waves: how freely she sails, and mean by it that she is perfectly adapted to the strength of the wind. Set her against the wind, and she will hold and sway, all the planks and the whole hull will tremble, and immediately she is moored.” Now he shows that this applies to human nature as well as to machines, to the steamboat and so on: “It is only released when it is allowed to fall away again and the wise adaptation to the forces it must obey is restored.”","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":300,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/65/1916-04-13/p052","witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2024","book_title":"From Central European Intellectual Life","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA065/English/SOL2024/19160413p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 65/1916-04-13/p052"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}],"witnesses":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"first_passage":1,"last_passage":61,"passage_count":61,"word_count":11914},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"first_passage":1,"last_passage":61,"passage_count":61,"word_count":12620,"completeness":{"ratio":1.06,"band":"comparable","note":null}}],"aligned_witness":{"status":"aligned","lang":"de","edition":"original","confidence":"high","passages":[{"locus":"GA 65/1916-04-13/p050","passage_number":50,"text":"Von einem Deutschen, von Professor Troeltsch, hören wir Worte über die deutsche Freiheit. Ich will mich selbstverständlich nicht auf seinen Standpunkt stellen, aber ich charakterisiere ja Seeleneigentümlichkeiten des deutschen Volkes. Da wird nun mit wirklich deutscher Gründlichkeit, aber auch mit deutschem Scharfsinn, so zu Werke gegangen, daß gezeigt wird, wie die Freiheit sich abschattiert nach dem italienischen, nach dem englischen, nach dem französischen Volks-Charakter. Gewissenhaft gibt er sich Rechenschaft, wie die Freiheitsidee bei diesen Völkern aufgefaßt wird. Und dann versucht er, jene Freiheitsidee, die das deutsche Volk hat, zu charakterisieren, jene Freiheitsidee, von der Herman Grimm selber auch gesagt hat, schöner als Troeltsch, aber fast mit ähnlichen Worten: «Dem deutschen Volke war es vorbehalten, jene Freiheit als Charakter des Menschen in der Idee zu erkennen, die die volle Ausgestaltung der menschlichen Individualität und Persönlichkeit vereinigt mit einem harmonischen Zusammenwirken in der Gesamtheit.» Wenn solche Leute die Freiheit so charakterisieren, daß der Mensch in der Freiheit wirkt, dann ist immer gemeint, daß das, was aus seiner Seele als Freiheit fließen kann, sich eingliedert dem Geistesleben. Und insbesondere vor der Mitte des verflossenen Jahrhunderts hätte kein Deutscher von der Freiheit sprechen können, ohne diese Freiheit aus dem Tiefsten des Geisteslebens heraus zu charakterisieren. Erst nach den englischen Einflüssen in der zweiten Hälfte des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts sind auch Deutsche mehr oder weniger davon abgekommen. Aber sie kommen nach und nach auch wieder darauf zurück. Und in dem erwähnten Aufsatz heißt es weiter: «Will man eine Formel für die deutsche Einheit prägen, so wird man sagen können: organisierte Volkseinheit auf Grund einer pflichtmäßigen und zugleich kritischen Hingabe des Einzelnen an das Ganze, ergänzt und berichtigt durch Selbständigkeit und Individualität der freien geistigen Bildung.» — Immerhin eine, wenn auch vielleicht pedantisch zu nennende, aber aus der Fülle des geistigen Erfassens heraus geprägte Idee von der Freiheit, eine Antwort aus dem Geiste heraus auf die Frage: Was ist Freiheit?","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":313,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/65/1916-04-13/p050"},{"locus":"GA 65/1916-04-13/p051","passage_number":51,"text":"Ich will Ihnen aus dem anderen Buche eine Antwort auf die Frage: Was ist Freiheit? vorlesen. Denn bei der Betrachtung der Volksseele kommt es nicht bloß darauf an, auf den Inhalt zu sehen. Gewiß kann jemand sagen: Ja, derjenige, von dem ich jetzt etwas lese, betrachtet etwas ganz anderes als der andere. Aber darauf kommt es nicht an, wenn man die Volksseelen betrachtet. Die Volksseelen werden ja unbewußt in die Strömung hineingetrieben, in der sie treiben. Und daß der eine diese Wirkung, der andere jene Wirkung, der eine diese Begriffe, der andere jene Begriffe, der eine diese Bilder, der andere jene Bilder hat, wenn sie auch beiderseits richtig sind, darum handelt es sich nicht, wenn man die Volksseelen bei diesem unbewußten Wirken charakterisieren will.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":124,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/65/1916-04-13/p051"},{"locus":"GA 65/1916-04-13/p052","passage_number":52,"text":"«Was ist Freiheit?» sagt der andere. «Das Bild, das mir vorschwebt, ist eine große, mächtige Maschine. Setze ich die Teile so unbeholfen und ungeschickt zusammen, daß, wenn ein Teil sich bewegen will, er durch die anderen gehemmt wird, dann verbiegt sich die ganze Maschine und steht still. Die Freiheit der einzelnen Teile» — wohlgemerkt: die Freiheit der Teile der Maschine! — «würde in der besten Anpassung und Zusammensetzung aller bestehen.» - Um die menschliche Freiheit zu charakterisieren, sagt er das alles! «Wenn der große Kolben einer Maschine vollkommen frei laufen soll, so muß man ihn den anderen Teilen der Maschine genau anpassen. Dann ist er frei...» -— Um zu wissen, wie der Mensch frei wird, untersucht man also die Maschine! -«... dann ist er frei, nicht weil man ihn isoliert und für sich allein läßt, sondern weil man ihn sorgfältig und geschickt den übrigen Teilen des großen Gefüges eingefügt hat. Was ist Freiheit? Man sagt von einer Lokomotive, daß sie frei laufe. Was meint man damit? Man will sagen, die einzelnen Bestandteile seien so zusammengesetzt und ineinandergepaßt, daß die Reibung auf ein Minimum beschränkt wird. Man sagt von einem Schiff, das leicht die Wellen durchschneidet: wie frei läuft es, und meint damit, daß es der Stärke des Windes vollkommen angepaßt ist. Richte es gegen den Wind, und es wird halten und schwanken, alle Planken und der ganze Rumpf werden erzittern, und sofort ist es gefesselt.» — Jetzt zeigt er, daß das so geht bei der menschlichen Natur wie bei der Maschine, bei dem Dampfschiff und so weiter: «Es wird nur dann frei, wenn man es wieder abfallen läßt und die weise Anpassung an die Gewalten, denen es gehorchen muß, wieder hergestellt hat.»","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":282,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/65/1916-04-13/p052"}],"beads":[{"from":[50],"to":[50],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified"},{"from":[51],"to":[51],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified"},{"from":[52],"to":[52],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified"}],"note":"Paired by the paragraph aligner; each language numbers its own paragraphs. A bead at either end of the span can carry text beyond it (the `from` numbers show what each bead covers)."}}