{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 67/1918-02-07/p017","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"This is demonstrated once again by self-observation, which we can now discuss, now that I have already indicated what its essence consists of. You are all aware that the so-called ego reigns at the center of your soul life. But psychologists today are less clear about this. It is interesting to consider what, for example, such an excellent psychologist as Theodor Ziehen says about the I in his book Physiological Psychology. This book is a transcript of lectures, so everything is said in a lecture style. He says to his listeners: When you think about what the I actually is, what do you come up with? If you really think about it, the first thing that will come to mind is your body, then everything you have in relation to the outside world; then you will think of all your family and property relationships, you will think of your name and title—Theodor Ziehen left out medals—your dominant ideas and your main inclinations, you will think of your past. However, says Theodor Ziehen, reflective consciousness distinguishes, apart from everything that comes to mind, the ego as that which reigns within, as opposed to that which is outside, as that which moves and acts imaginatively from within. But that is a fiction of epistemology or speculative psychology. Physiological psychology has nothing to do with this. — Again, this is a passage that is intended to undermine the very foundations of spiritual science. But can anyone really afford, in ordinary consciousness, to think of their ego only in terms of what Theodor Ziehen thinks? Will they not feel the inner activity of a central being in their soul life? Will they really think only of their family and property relationships, their title and name, and so on? No, that cannot be the case! Human beings are aware that something is at work within them. But nevertheless, they actually get nowhere when they try to characterize the ego. In a limited sense, external scientific psychology is right today when it does not have much to say about this ego. How does this ego actually behave in ordinary consciousness? This is revealed by the self-observation that I characterized in principle earlier.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"2. Human beings as Spiritual and Soul Beings","site_heading":null,"date":"1918-02-07","location":null,"word_count":366,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/67/1918-02-07/p017","alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:identity","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2018","book_title":"The Eternal in the Human Soul","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA067/English/SOL2018/19180207p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","edition_basis":null,"is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/67/1918-02-07/p017"},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/67/1918-02-07/p017","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 67/1918-02-07/p017","passage_number":17,"text":"Das zeigt wiederum eine Selbstbetrachtung, von der wir jetzt sprechen können, nachdem ich schon angedeutet habe, worin ihr Wesen besteht. Sie alle sind sich klar darüber, daß im Mittelpunkte Ihres Seelenlebens das sogenannte Ich waltet. Aber der Psychologe ist sich heute darüber weniger klar. Es ist interessant sich vorzuhalten, was zum Beispiel ein so ausgezeichneter Psychologe wie Theodor Ziehen in seinem Buche «Physiologische Psychologie» gerade über das Ich sagt. Dieses Buch ist ja der Abdruck von Vorlesungen, daher ist alles vorlesungsmäßig gesagt. Da sagt er zu seinen Zuhörern: Wenn Sie nachdenken über dasjenige, was eigentlich das Ich ist, wozu kommen Sie da eigentlich? Es wird Ihnen, wenn Sie wirklich darüber nachdenken, zunächst Ihr Körper einfallen, dann alles dasjenige, was Sie an Relationen zur Außenwelt haben; dann wird Ihnen einfallen alles das, was Sie an Verwandtschafts- und Eigentumsverhältnissen haben, es wird Ihnen einfallen Ihr Name und Titel — die Orden hat Theodor Ziehen ausgelassen -, Ihre dominierenden Vorstellungen und Ihre Hauptneigungen, es wird Ihnen einfallen Ihre Vergangenheit. Allerdings, sagt Theodor Ziehen, das reflektierende Bewußtsein unterscheidet ja nun außer all dem, was Ihnen so einfällt, das Ich als dasjenige, was im Innern waltet, gegenüber dem, was draußen ist, als das, was sich von innen heraus vorstellend bewegt und betätigt. Aber das ist eine Fiktion der Erkenntnistheorie oder der spekulativen Psychologie. Mit dem hat es die physiologische Psychologie in nichts zu tun. — Wiederum eine solche Stelle, durch die eigentlicher geisteswissenschaftlicher Beschäftigung der Boden unter den Füßen weggegraben werden soll. Aber kann wirklich jemand für das gewöhnliche Bewußtsein sich das leisten, bei seinem Ich nur an alles dasjenige zu denken, woran Theodor Ziehen denkt? Wird er gar nicht spüren die innere Regsamkeit eines Mittelpunktwesens in seinem Seelenleben? Wird er wirklich nur denken an seine Verwandtschafts- und Eigentumsbeziehungen, an seinen Titel und Namen und so weiter? Nein, davon kann keine Rede sein! Der Mensch ist sich bewußt, in diesem seinem Innern waltet etwas. Aber dennoch kommt er eigentlich zu nichts, wenn er das Ich charakterisiert. Es hat die äußere naturwissenschaftliche Psychologie in einem eingeschränkten Sinne heute recht, wenn sie über dieses Ich nicht viel zu sagen weiß. Wie verhält sich nun eigentlich im gewöhnlichen Bewußtsein dieses Ich? Das zeigt wiederum die Selbstbeobachtung, die ich vorhin im Prinzip charakterisiert habe.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":375,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/67/1918-02-07/p017"}],"english":["GA 67/1918-02-07/p017"],"method":"identity","confidence":"high","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":375,"en_words":366,"ratio":0.98,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["length","meaning","audit"]},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.05,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":8485,"original_word_count":8069,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2018","book_title":"The Eternal in the Human Soul","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA067/English/SOL2018/19180207p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 67/1918-02-07/p017"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. 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