{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 73a/1921-01-14/p016","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"Let us consider, for example, what happens when we try to examine the medical sciences as they present themselves to us today from the point of view of what is unsatisfactory about them. I cannot go into the particularly significant details here, but I would like to point out something that is already a key question. How can we actually unite what is now our natural world view with what is called a disease process in the physical organism? Anyone who studies the disease process will have to say - and this is quite natural - that this disease process takes place according to natural laws. So in the disease process we have something that we have to understand according to natural laws. On the other hand, however, we also have something in the so-called healthy human organism that must be understood according to natural laws; at least we have a certain current of natural laws in the healthy human organism. We express what we recognize in this area of the natural organization of the human being in physiology. And we express what we can recognize in the disease process as a lawfulness, which must also be a natural lawfulness, in pathology. There must now be a bridge between physiology and pathology. It must be possible to gain some kind of insight into how one natural law behaves in relation to the other. And a natural science, or rather a natural scientific way of thinking, as we have it today, cannot lead to any understanding in this field, at least not to an understanding that can be put into practice. That is why we see how, today, the healing arts basically stand unsatisfactorily alongside pathology. I still look back to the time when, within the then Viennese school of medical science, what was then called 'medical nihilism' had taken hold. Celebrities in the field of medicine at that time actually lived in complete scepticism with regard to therapy. To a large extent, they claimed that one could only follow the processes of the diseases, that one could only speak of a more or less rational pathology, but that one could not actually speak of any connection between the intervention of the remedy and the processes of the organism. Therefore, such physicians limited themselves to observing the disease process for wide areas of disease, paying attention when it went into excess in one direction or the other, but basically they did not believe in a rational healing method. They spoke about this quite openly.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"13. The Relationships Between Spiritual Science and Individual Academic Subjects III","site_heading":null,"date":"1921-01-14","location":null,"word_count":423,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/73a/1921-01-14/p016","alignment_confidence":"medium","alignment_reason":"beads:identity","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2024","book_title":"Scientific Disciplines and Anthroposophy","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA073a/English/SOL2024/19210114p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","edition_basis":null,"is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/73a/1921-01-14/p016"},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/73a/1921-01-14/p016","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"unknown","scope":"volume","note":"How this text was taken down (shorthand transcript, listeners' notes or manuscript) is not on record here. Unknown is not an assurance of a stenogram: check the edition's own notes before resting an argument on one word.","evidence":null,"evidence_translation":null,"evidence_source":null},"german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1921-01-14","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 73a/1921-01-14/p016","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/73a/1921-01-14/p016"}],"bead_confidence":"medium","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["length","meaning","audit"],"length_check":{"de_words":397,"en_words":423,"ratio":1.07,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 73a/1921-01-14/p016","passage_number":16,"text":"Bedenken wir einmal, was zum Beispiel vorliegt, wenn wir versuchen, die medizinischen Wissenschaften, wie sie heute als Fachwissenschaften uns entgegentreten, einmal auf dasjenige hin zu prüfen, was an ihnen unbefriedigend ist. Ich kann allerdings nicht auf die besonders bedeutsamen Einzelheiten dabei eingehen, aber ich möchte auf etwas hinweisen, was schon eine Kardinalfrage ist. Wie können wir mit dem, was heute unser natürliches Weltbild ist, eigentlich das vereinigen, was man im physischen Organismus einen Krankheitsprozeß nennt? Wer den Krankheitsprozeß studiert, der wird sagen müssen — das ist ja ganz natürlich -, dieser Krankheitsprozeß läuft nach Naturgesetzen ab. Wir haben also im Krankheitsprozeß etwas, was wir nach Naturgesetzen begreifen müssen. Wir haben aber auf der anderen Seite im sogenannten gesunden menschlichen Organismus doch auch etwas, was man nach Naturgesetzen begreifen muß; wir haben wenigstens eine gewisse Strömung von Naturgesetzmäßigkeit im gesunden menschlichen Organismus. Wir drücken das, was wir auf diesem Gebiete der natürlichen Organisation des Menschen erkennen, aus in der Physiologie. Und wir drücken das, was wir erkennen können am Krankheitsprozeß als Gesetzmäßigkeit, die aber auch eine Naturgesetzmäßigkeit sein muß, aus in der Pathologie. Es muß nun eine Brücke geben zwischen Physiologie und Pathologie. Es muß möglich sein, irgendeine Vorstellung darüber zu bekommen, wie die eine Naturgesetzmäßigkeitsströmung sich verhält zu der anderen Naturgesetzmäßigkeitsströmung. Und eine Naturwissenschaft, oder besser gesagt ein naturwissenschaftliches Denken, wie wir es heute haben, kann auf diesem Gebiet zu keinem Verständnis, jedenfalls nicht zu einem in der Praxis verwertbaren Verständnis führen. Deshalb sehen wir, wie heute im Grunde genommen unbefriedigend die Heilwissenschaft neben der Pathologie dasteht. Ich blicke noch zurück in diejenige Zeit, in welcher sich innerhalb der damaligen Wiener Schule der medizinischen Wissenschaft das bemächtigt hatte, was man dazumal genannt hat den «medizinischen Nihilismus». Gerade Zelebritäten auf dem Gebiete der Medizin haben damals eigentlich in einem völligen Skeptizismus in bezug auf die Therapie gelebt. In weitem Maße haben dieselben behauptet, man könne nur die Prozesse der Krankheiten verfolgen, man könne nur von einer mehr oder weniger rationellen Pathologie reden, aber von irgendeinem Zusammenhang zwischen dem Eingreifen des Heilmittels und den Vorgängen des Organismus könne man eigentlich nicht reden. Daher beschränkten solche Mediziner sich darauf, für weite Gebiete von Krankheiten nur den Krankheitsprozeß zu verfolgen, achtzugeben darauf, wenn er nach der einen oder anderen Seite in Exzesse überging, aber an eine rationelle Heilungsmethode glaubten sie im Grunde genommen eigentlich nicht. Darüber sprach man dort ganz offen.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":397,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/73a/1921-01-14/p016"}],"english":["GA 73a/1921-01-14/p016"],"method":"identity","confidence":"medium","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":397,"en_words":423,"ratio":1.07,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["length","meaning","audit"]},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.06,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":8353,"original_word_count":7905,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2024","book_title":"Scientific Disciplines and Anthroposophy","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA073a/English/SOL2024/19210114p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 73a/1921-01-14/p016"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"medium","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. 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