{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p030-p033","extent":"range","passage_number":30,"through":33,"paragraph_count":4,"first_locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p030","last_locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p033","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"title":"6. Agnosticism in Science and Anthroposophy","date":"1922-05-11","location":null,"alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:length","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Steiner Online Library","identified_edition":"SOL2024","book_title":"The Relationship between Anthroposophy and the Natural Sciences","publisher":"Steiner Online Library","publisher_inferred":true,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA075/English/SOL2024/19220511p01.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line","publisher_note":"The publisher is inferred from the edition code in this lecture's source URL, not stated by the source page. The translator IS verified for this lecture: its own source names the translator (evidence: the lecture's page, rsarchive's lecture list, or the cover of the book it was published in), and that page's text was matched against this unit (see match_score and source_url). 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That was the big question for me at the time I wrote my “Philosophy of Freedom.” I stood on the ground - completely on the ground! on the ground of modern natural science, yes, on the ground of a phenomenalism regarding what can be fathomed by the process of knowledge from the external world of the senses. But then, if one follows the consequences with all honesty to the end, one must say: If morality is to be justified objectively, then another knowledge must be able to stand alongside this knowledge, which leads to phenomenalism and thus to agnosticism - a knowledge that does not thinking to devise hypothetical worlds behind the phenomena of the senses, but a knowledge must be established that can grasp the spiritual directly in intuition, after it - except for the mathematical - is no longer carried out into the world in the old way. It is precisely agnosticism that, on the one hand, compels us to fully recognize it in its own field, but at the same time also compels us to rouse our minds to activity in order to grasp a spiritual world from which we can, in the first instance, if we do not want to remain merely in the subjective, find moral principles through objective spiritual observation.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":262,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/75/1922-05-11/p030","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1922-05-11","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p029","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/75/1922-05-11/p029"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false,"length_check":{"de_words":238,"en_words":262,"ratio":1.1,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 75/1922-05-11/p029"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":31,"locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p031","text":"My Philosophy of Freedom has been called, with some justification, ethical individualism, but that only captures one side of it. We must, of course, arrive at ethical individualism because what is now seen as a moral principle must be seen by each individual in freedom. But just as in the inner, active process of the mind, mathematics is worked out in pure knowledge and yet proves to be well-founded within objectivity, so too can that which is the content of moral impulses be grasped in pure spiritual insight - not merely in faith, but in pure spiritual insight. And that is why one is compelled, as I was in my “Philosophy of Freedom,” to say: Moral science must be based on moral intuition. And I said at the time that we can only arrive at a real moral view in the modern style if we realize that Just as we extract individual natural phenomena from the whole of nature, we must extract the moral principles, which are only intuitively grasped spiritually but nevertheless objectively grasped quite independently of us, from a contemplated spiritual world, from a supersensible spiritual world.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":189,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/75/1922-05-11/p031","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1922-05-11","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p030","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/75/1922-05-11/p030"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false,"length_check":{"de_words":182,"en_words":189,"ratio":1.04,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 75/1922-05-11/p030"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":32,"locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p032","text":"I spoke first of moral intuition. This brings the process of knowledge into a certain line. Through the process of knowledge — especially if it is to remain genuinely scientific — the soul is driven to muster its innermost powers and to push this mustering so far that the intuition of a spiritual world really becomes possible. Now the question arises: Is only that which can be grasped as moral impulses to be seen in the spiritual world, or is perhaps that which leads us to our moral intuitions merely one area among many? The answer to this, however, arises when one grasps what has been experienced inwardly in the soul as moral intuitions and then continues this in an appropriate way.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":122,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/75/1922-05-11/p032","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1922-05-11","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p031","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/75/1922-05-11/p031"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false,"length_check":{"de_words":118,"en_words":122,"ratio":1.03,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Cite the translator with confidence; attribute the publisher only as probable."},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 75/1922-05-11/p031"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}},{"passage_number":33,"locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p033","text":"Exactly the same thing that the soul experiences when it rises to the purely spiritual grasp of the moral – it has only become necessary in modern times through natural science – exactly the same thing that is lived through there can now also be lived through for further areas. Thus it may be said that anyone who has once practiced self-observation of this inner experience that leads to moral intuition can indeed develop this inner experience more and more. And the exercises presented in my book “How to Know Higher Worlds” serve to develop this inner experience. And these exercises then lead to the fact that one does not stop at thinking and forming hypotheses with it, but that one regards this thinking in its liveliness and develops it further - to what I will now explain in the second part of my lecture and what can be called an exact looking at the supersensible world. What is meant is not the lost mystical vision of earlier times, but an exact vision of the supersensible world, in accordance with science, which can be called exact clairvoyance. And in this way we gradually arrive at those forms of knowledge which I characterized only recently here in a public lecture: imagination, inspiration and the higher intuition — forms of knowledge that illuminate the inner human being.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":225,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/75/1922-05-11/p033","german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1922-05-11","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p032","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/75/1922-05-11/p032"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed","verified":false,"length_check":{"de_words":221,"en_words":225,"ratio":1.02,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. 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Das war die große Frage für mich in der Zeit, als ich meine «Philosophie der Freiheit» schrieb. Ich stand auf dem Boden - völlig auf dem Boden! - der modernen Naturwissenschaft, ja, auf dem Boden eines Phänomenalismus gegenüber dem, was durch den Erkenntnisprozeß von der Sinnenaußenwelt zu ergründen ist. Dann aber muß man sich, wenn man die Konsequenz mit aller Ehrlichkeit bis zuletzt verfolgt, sagen: Wenn Moral objektiv begründet werden soll, dann muß sich neben diese Erkenntnis, die zum Phänomenalismus und damit zum Agnostizismus führt, eine andere hinstellen können - eine Erkenntnis, die nun nicht das Denken verwendet, um hypothetische Welten auszusinnen hinter den Phänomenen der Sinne, sondern es muß eine Erkenntnis begründet werden, die das Geistige unmittelbar in der Anschauung erfassen kann, nachdem es- außer dem Mathematischen - nicht mehr im alten Stile hinausgetragen wird in die Welt. Gerade der Agnostizismus ist es, der uns auf der einen Seite nötigt, ihn voll anzuerkennen auf seinem Gebiete, zugleich aber auf der anderen Seite auch nötigt, unseren Geist zur Aktivität aufzuraffen, um eine geistige Welt zu erfassen, aus welcher wir zunächst, wenn wir nicht bloß im Subjektiven bleiben wollen, durch objektive geistige Beobachtung die Moralprinzipien finden können.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":238,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/75/1922-05-11/p029"},{"locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p030","passage_number":30,"text":"Man hat meine «Philosophie der Freiheit» mit einem gewissen Recht einen ethischen Individualismus genannt, aber damit faßt man nur die eine Seite. Wir müssen selbstverständlich zum ethischen Individualismus kommen, weil das, was nun als Moralprinzip geschaut wird, von jedem einzelnen Menschen in Freiheit geschaut werden muß. Aber ebenso wie im inneren, aktiven Geistesprozeß das Mathematische in reiner Erkenntnis erarbeitet wird und dennoch innerhalb der Objektivität sich als begründet erweist, kann auch das, was Inhalt der moralischen Impulse ist, in rein geistiger Anschauung ergriffen werden - nicht bloß im Glauben, sondern in rein geistiger Anschauung. Und deshalb sieht man sich, wie es bei mir der Fall war in meiner «Philosophie der Freiheit», genötigt zu sagen: Moralwissenschaft muß begründet werden auf moralischer Intuition. - Und ich habe es dazumal ausgesprochen, daß wir nur dann im modernen Stile zu einer wirklichen moralischen Anschauung kommen können, wenn wir einsehen: Geradeso wie wir die einzelnen Naturphänomene aus der gesamten Natur herausschälen, müssen wir aus einer angeschauten geistigen Welt, aus einer übersinnlichen, geistigen Welt herausholen die nur geistig angeschauten, aber dennoch ganz unabhängig von uns objektiv erfaßten Moralprinzipien.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":182,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/75/1922-05-11/p030"},{"locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p031","passage_number":31,"text":"Ich habe also zunächst von moralischer Intuition gesprochen. Damit ist der Erkenntnisprozeß in eine gewisse Linie gebracht. Durch den Erkenntnisprozeß - gerade wenn er echt naturwissenschaftlich bleiben soll -, ist die Seele dazu hingetrieben, ihre innersten Kräfte aufzuraffen und dieses Aufraffen so weit zu treiben, daß nun wirklich die Anschauung einer geistigen Welt möglich wird. Nun entsteht die Frage: Ist nur das, was als Moralimpulse zu erfassen ist, in der geistigen Welt zu schauen oder ist vielleicht das, was uns zu unseren moralischen Intuitionen führt, bloß ein Gebiet von vielen? Die Antwort darauf ergibt sich aber, wenn man das, was innerlich in der Seele erlebt worden ist, als moralische Intuitionen erfaßt und dieses dann in entsprechender Weise fortsetzt.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":118,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/75/1922-05-11/p031"},{"locus":"GA 75/1922-05-11/p032","passage_number":32,"text":"Genau dasselbe, was die Seele erlebt, indem sie sich aufrafft zur rein geistigen Erfassung des Moralischen - sie ist erst notwendig geworden in der neueren Zeit durch die Naturwissenschaft -, genau dasselbe, was da durchlebt wird, das kann nun auch durchlebt werden für weitere Gebiete. So kann gesagt werden, daß derjenige, der einmal Selbstbeobachtung dieses inneren Erlebnisses, das zur moralischen Intuition führt, geleistet hat, in der Tat nun dieses innere Erlebnis immer mehr ausbilden kann. Und der Ausbildung dieses inneren Erlebnisses dienen jene Übungen, die sie dargestellt finden in meinem Buche «Wie erlangt man Erkenntnisse der höheren Welten?». Und diese Übungen führen dann dazu, daß man nicht beim Denken stehenbleibt und mit ihm Hypothesen bildet, sondern daß man dieses Denken in seiner Lebendigkeit betrachtet und weiterbildet - weiterbildet zu dem, was ich nun im zweiten Teile meines Vortrages weiter ausführen werde und was man nennen kann ein exaktes Schauen der übersinnlichen Welt. Gemeint ist nicht das verloren gegangene, mystische Schauen der älteren Zeit, sondern ein exaktes, ein der Wissenschaft gemäßes Schauen der übersinnlichen Welt, das man nennen kann ein exaktes Hellsehen. Und dadurch kommt man dann stufenweise zu denjenigen Erkenntnisformen, die ich erst vor kurzem hier auch in einem öffentlichen Vortrag charakterisiert habe: zu der Imagination, zu der Inspiration und zu der höheren Intuition — Erkenntnisformen, die dem inneren Menschen aufleuchten.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":221,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/75/1922-05-11/p032"}],"beads":[{"from":[30],"to":[29],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[31],"to":[30],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[32],"to":[31],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"},{"from":[33],"to":[32],"confidence":"high","pairing_state":"proposed"}],"note":"Paired by the paragraph aligner; each language numbers its own paragraphs. A bead at either end of the span can carry text beyond it (the `from` numbers show what each bead covers)."}}