{"corpus":"steiner","locus":"GA 97/1906-04-29/p004","lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"text":"The rational mind thus only developed half a millennium before Christ, and this had to do with changes in the form of relationships and marriage. These used to be very different from the way they are today. Scientists have established that even among the savage tribes of America the relationship between cousins is much more complex than it is with us. Thus the Iroquois call cousins on their father's side brothers and sisters but not those on their mother's side, the reason being that men who are of the same age in a family could have all women of the same age for their wives. One would thus know exactly who a child's mother was, but not its father. The Iroquois still see family relationships in this way today. It needs occult knowledge to give the right explanation for this. We know that things happened in 800 - 900 BC which indicate that marriage among blood relations changed to become marriage outside the family. Before, the head of a family was the father of the tribe. These ways still survived among the ancient Germans at a much later time, when people in Africa and in Mediterranean countries were already marrying outside the family. In medieval times the transition to marrying outside the family was glorified in legends such as the *Gudrunlied*[^2] In his *Germania*, Tacitus wrote of ancient German tribes having one ancestor. Later this custom ceased, and in the *Gudrunlied* kings go to distant countries to look for wives. In the Siegfried legend[^3] we have a description of the way the new order rose in opposition to marriage between blood relations. The marriage of Siegmund and Sieglinde was rejected by the goddess Frigg, wife of Odin. Odin established the principle of marriage outside the tribe. This was introduced at different times among different peoples, but there is a strange connection between the transition to this principle and the emergence of rational thinking. An occult thesis is that marriage outside the tribe kills part of the ether body—the forebrain comes to life, whilst the ancient clairvoyance, which was enhanced by intermarriage, dies away. People began to take a rational view of things. Today humanity has adapted to marriage outside family and tribe, just as in earlier times it was adapted to intermarriage. The latter has a harmful effect on the mental faculties of the children, and above all on the sense organ connected with the development of intellectual faculties, the eye. This is why intermarriage often results in blindness. Mental faculties only improve with marriage outside the family.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"title":"XVII. The Rational Mind the Gift of Lucifer and its Future Transformation into a New Kind of Clairvoyance","site_heading":null,"date":"1906-04-29","location":null,"word_count":428,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/97/1906-04-29/p004","alignment_confidence":"high","alignment_reason":"beads:length","two_voice_volume":false,"translation_credit":{"scope":"unit","status":"established","translator":"Anna Meuss","identified_edition":"CMP2000","book_title":"The Christian Mystery","publisher":null,"publisher_inferred":false,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA097/English/CMP2000/19060429p02.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line"},"edition_coverage":{"de":["original"],"en":["English"]},"available_versions":[{"lang":"de","edition":"original","edition_basis":null,"is_original":true,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/97/1906-04-29/p004"},{"lang":"en","edition":"English","edition_basis":null,"is_original":false,"is_default_edition":true,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/en/ga/97/1906-04-29/p004","paragraph_aligned":true}],"record":{"record_type":"listeners_notes","scope":"volume","note":"Written from listeners' notes, summaries, or memory rather than a shorthand transcript. The wording is the note-taker's as much as Steiner's: weigh a single striking phrase here far more cautiously than the same phrase in a stenographic volume, and do not rest an argument on one word.","evidence":"Notizen von einunddreißig Einzelvorträgen mit sechs Fragenbeantwortungen","evidence_translation":"Notes of thirty-one single lectures with six question-answerings","evidence_source":"Rudolf Steiner Verlag Gesamtverzeichnis 2022, volume subtitle. The translation is the maintainer's, not a published one."},"german_anchor":{"de_prefix":"1906-04-29","de_passages":[{"locus":"GA 97/1906-04-29/p004","url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/97/1906-04-29/p004"}],"bead_confidence":"high","pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["length","anchors","reader"],"reader_german":["GA 97/1906-04-29/p004"],"reader_part":true,"length_check":{"de_words":475,"en_words":543,"ratio":1.14,"partial":false},"correspondence":"established","note":"English passage numbering is edition-relative, so the same number need not name the same paragraph in the German. The German original passage(s) above are the edition-invariant anchor — fetch them (lang='de') to verify wording before quoting across editions."},"paired_german":{"status":"paired","german":[{"locus":"GA 97/1906-04-29/p004","passage_number":4,"text":"Ein halbes Jahrtausend vor Christus kommt also erst der Verstand herauf, und diese Tatsache hängt mit der Abänderung aller Verwandtschafts- und Eheformen zusammen. Diese waren ganz andere als heutzutage. Noch bei wilden Völkern Amerikas hat die Wissenschaft konstatiert, daß die Verwandtschaft von Vettern und Cousinen eine viel kompliziertere ist als bei uns. Die Irokesen zum Beispiel nennen Vettern und Cousinen väterlicherseits Geschwister, muütterlicherseits jedoch nicht, aus dem Grunde, weil die gleichaltrigen Männer einer Familie alle gleichaltrigen Frauen zu Frauen haben konnten, man also innerhalb einer Familie wohl die Mutter eines Kindes genau kannte, aber nicht den Vater. Die Irokesen haben noch heutzutage diese verwandtschaftlichen Beziehungen und Bezeichnungen. Nur der Okkultismus kann die richtige Erklärung für diese Verhältnisse geben. 800 bis 900 vor Christus haben wir Tatsachen zu verzeichnen, die darauf deuten, daß nunmehr aus der Verwandtschaftsehe die Fernehe wurde. Früher war ein Oberhaupt der Familie der Vater des Stammes. Noch bei den Germanen finden wir in viel späteren Zeiten diese Einrichtungen, während in Afrika und in den Ländern um das Mittelmeer herum schon zur Fernehe übergegangen wird. Im Mittelalter finden wir in den deutschen Sagen, zum Beispiel im Gudrunlied, diesen Übergang zur Fernehe verherrlicht. Tacitus spricht in seiner «Germania» noch von den deutschen Stämmen mit einem Ahnherrn. Dieser Gebrauch wird später gebrochen, und im Gudrunlied ziehen die Könige in ferne Länder, um ihre Frauen zu suchen. In der Siegfriedsage haben wir eine Schilderung davon, wie sich die neue Ordnung auflehnt gegen die Blutsverwandtschaftsehe: Siegmund und Sieglinde, deren Ehe von Frigga verworfen wird. Wotan ist der Begründer der Fernehe. Bei den verschiedenen Völkern ist die Fernehe zu verschiedenen Zeiten eingeführt worden, aber es existiert ein eigenartiger Zusammenhang zwischen dem Übergang zur Fernehe und der Ausbildung des Verstandes. Es ist ein okkulter Satz, daß die Fernehe auf einen Teil des Ätherkörpers tötend wirkt: das Vorderhirn wird belebt, während das alte Hellsehen abgetötet wird, das durch Blutsverwandtschaftsehen wächst. Die verstandesmäfige Erfassung der Dinge erwacht. Heute ist die Menschheit der Fernehe angepaßt, wie sie es früher der Verwandtschaftsehe war. Die Verwandtenehe wirkt heute schädigend auf die geistige Tätigkeit der Kinder, besonders auf das Sinnesorgan, das mit der Verstandesentwickelung zusammenhängt, das Auge. Daher gibt es so viele Blinde in Verwandtenehen. Nur durch die Fernehe wird das Gehirn verbessert. Diese physiologische Tatsache steht in engem Zusammenhang mit der Menschheitsentwickelung. Sie war notwendig, um das Erscheinen des Christentums vorzubereiten. Hätte dieses unter andern Bedingungen entstehen können? Es bringt die Liebe der Seele zur Seele, das Wirken von Seele auf Seele. Die Blutsverwandtschaftsliebe mußte erst überwunden werden. Die Völker werden überhaupt erst reif für das Christentum werden, wenn sie die Verwandtschaftsliebe überwunden haben. Die alten Eingeweihten Ägyptens stammten immer aus der gleichen Familie innerhalb langer Generationen. Die ältere Weisheit war intuitiver Art, was um so deutlicher hervortritt, je weiter man die Menschheit zurückverfolgt. Das verstandesmäßige Überlegen hängt mit der Grundlage des Christentums zusammen.","text_trust":"verbatim","quote_safe":true,"word_count":475,"url":"https://anthroposophy.ai/v1/steiner/de/ga/97/1906-04-29/p004"}],"english":["GA 97/1906-04-29/p004","GA 97/1906-04-29/p005"],"method":"length","confidence":"high","correspondence":"established","length_check":{"de_words":475,"en_words":543,"ratio":1.14,"partial":false},"pairing_state":"verified","verified":true,"evidence":["length","anchors","reader"],"reader_german":["GA 97/1906-04-29/p004"],"reader_part":true},"witness_completeness":{"ratio":1.17,"band":"comparable","note":null,"word_count":1950,"original_word_count":1663,"may_be_abridged":false},"witness_quality":{"translator":{"scope":"unit","status":"recorded","translator":"Anna Meuss","identified_edition":"CMP2000","book_title":"The Christian Mystery","publisher":null,"publisher_inferred":false,"match_score":1.0,"source_url":"https://www.rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA097/English/CMP2000/19060429p02.html","evidence":"lecture_page_line"},"entity_parity":{"status":"ok","checked_against":["GA 97/1906-04-29/p004"],"missing_from_translation":[],"present_only_in_translation":[],"bead_confidence":"high","note":"Every load-bearing name in the German counterpart appears in this English passage. That is a check on NAMES only: a translation can keep every name and still reverse who acts on whom, change a number, or soften a claim. Read the German for anything you intend to rest an argument on."},"note":"quote_safe certifies the bytes of this text. This block is about the translation as a WITNESS: who made it, and whether it carries the same names as the original. See witness_completeness for how much of the original this witness holds."}}